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ters, than in the time at which mangolds are fed to cows. 

 Most vegetables undergo a change in their nature, after they 

 are gathered and stored, — some potatoes undergo a ripening 

 process, so that the characteristics of October are not the char- 

 acteristics of March ; in a few months our turnips become 

 " corky" and the seed of our running squashes do not fully 

 mature until from one to four months have elapsed from the 

 time they wore gathered ; so of the entire beet family of 

 which mangolds are a class. In the sugar making countries of 

 Europe, it is found necessary to store the sugar beet awhile, un- 

 til certain changes shall have taken place in its nature, before 

 it is in a condition suitable for use. So in the mangold, it is 

 necessary that some important change should take place in its 

 nature before it can piofitably be fed to stock ; if fed liberally, 

 early in the season, it will scour the cows ; feed ruta-bagas, 

 carrots or cabbages early in the season, and feed the mangolds 

 towards spring. 



If planted before the first of June, the Long Red Mangold 

 is apt to have a long, woody, hollow neck bv harvest time. I 

 would recommend the ovoid varieties as preferable in this re- 

 spect, besides being of more compact growth, and having fewer 

 lateral roots. The yellow Globe is an excellent sort for a sandy 

 soil. If our farmers would be brave enough to have their 

 rows thirtv inches, and thin their plants to fifteen inches apart 

 in the row, when young, they would find that they could do 

 about all their tillage with the cultivator and hoe, while they 

 would have just as much weight in the crop, and the pleasure of 

 handling mangolds as big as their thigh, instead of as big as 

 their arm. 



As turnips are grown both for family use and for stock, we 

 need to encourage good specimens of all sizes at our annual 

 exhibitions. Of the Ruta-Baga or Sweede class, the best for 

 family use is the white variety, known as "Sweet German. "^ 

 This excels in its sweetness, crispness and keeping qualities. 

 It is also an excellent turnip for stock. The demand for this 

 variety has increased wonderfully within a few years ; whereas 



