74 



trees and fruits will receive, even in a few years, and of the 

 advantage to be derived from proper preparation of the soil,, 

 and from the destruction of weeds, and the appropriate use of- 

 fertilizers. 



The following statement of Dr. Kelley gives a clear and ad-- 

 mirable account of the processes to Avhich we have referred: 



STATEMENT OF E. G. KELLEY. 



In presenting a farm for premium the following are the. 

 printed conditions : — " For the best conducted and most im- 

 " proved farm, taking into view the entire management and. 

 " cultivation, including lands, buildings, fences, orchards, cropSj. 

 ''stock, and all other appendages, with statements in detail,. 

 " relating thereto." 



Our management and cultivation of lands has been to un- 

 derdrain about six acres with tiles, transported chiefly from. 

 Albany, N. Y., and laid more than three feet deep on an aver- 

 age : to surface drain five acres not admitting of tile draining:, 

 to subsoil two acres, twenty-two inches deep : to trench three 

 feet deep, four acres in all, at different times as labor could be. 

 spared from other work ; and for some years the trenching was 

 being done nearly all v/inter. 



Hundreds of loads of clay have been moved to divers places, . 

 and thousands of loads of sand and yellov/ loam have been 

 carted on to, and mixed vrith, clayey soil, or used for top dress- 

 ing, or for levelling and grading. The land thus worked has 

 been so much improved as to produce almost anything in per- 

 fection adapted to the climate. 



Cultivation on this place having been decidedly bad for more 

 than half a century, a change was of course made. Your 

 Committee well knov/ how a farm runs to waste and weeds, 

 when conducted by others than the owner. The previous pro- 

 prietor died in 1806, leaving the use of the estate for the 

 support and maintenance of a daughter,, who at length died in. 



