33 



determining first and second grade apples as follows : " The stand- 

 ard for size for number one apples shall be not less than two and 

 one-half inches in diameter and shall include such varieties as Ben 

 Davis, Wealthy, Twenty-ounce, Baldwin, Greening, and other 

 varieties kindred in size. The standard for such varieties as 

 Romanite, Russet, Winesap, Jonathan, Missouri Pippin and other 

 varieties kindred in size shall not be less than two and one-quarter 

 inches, and further, number one apples shall be at the time of 

 picking practically free from the action of worms, defacement of 

 surface, or broken skin. They shall be hand picked from the 

 tree, a bright and normal color, and shapely in form." 



" Number two apples shall be hand picked from the tree ; shall 

 not be smaller than two and one-quarter inches in diameter ; the 

 skin must not be broken or the apple bruised. This class must be 

 faced and packed with as much care as number one fruit." 



The different grades are variously designated, sometimes as 

 fancy, choice, select, prime, XXX, XX, etc., but these designa- 

 tions have no official standing. There is so much variation in the 

 practice of packing that none of these marks has any distinctive 

 meaning. 



In grading and packing apples a sorting table should be built 

 somewhat in the form as shown in the illustration. It should be 

 large enough to hold at least three barrels of apples spread out at 

 one time. At one end there should be an opening or spout heavily 



^^li\::.-;:. 



Sorting Table. 



padded with gunny sacks. Through this opening apples may be 

 guided and gently rolled into barrels. Some sorters prefer, how- 

 ever, to sort into baskets. The baskets are then emptied into 

 barrels. 



Considerable experience and natural good judgment are required 

 to sort apples rapidly and accurately. The task is difficult and 



