12 



only occasional showers, or can jar the trees when the rains 

 are very frequent. For the apples we can use London pur- 

 ple, one pound to two hundred gallons of water. For the 

 plums we must use Paris green, one pound to two or three 

 hundred gallons of water. If the carbolated plaster is pre- 

 ferred, we use one pint of crude carbolic acid to fifty pounds 

 of land plaster. This is thrown freely over the trees, so as 

 to strike every plum on the tree which is being treated." 



" If Paris o;reen is to be used for the destruction of the 

 codling moth, it should not be applied stronger than one 

 pound to one hundred and twenty gallons of water, and not 

 weaker than one pound to one hundred and eighty gallons. 

 If London purple is used, it should not be applied stronger 

 than one pound to one hundred gallons nor weaker than one 

 pound to one hundred and sixty gallons. The above strengths 

 are for the first application. If a second application is to be 

 made, it should be considerably weaker, unless heavy rains 

 have removed nearly all of the first application. The first 

 treatment should be made as soon as the blossoms have fallen, 

 when the apples are not larger than peas. At this time the 

 blossom ends are directed upwards and will collect the poison 

 and retain it for the destruction of the little larvae when they 

 begin to eat their way into the fruit. If the best results are 

 to be obtained, a second application should be made in a 

 w'eek or ten days after the first. The second application is 

 made necessary if the first is follow^ed in a few days by a 

 heavy rain. Prof. S. A. Forbes, who has probably con- 

 ducted the most elaborate and painstaking experiments with 

 the arsenites against the codling moth, concludes as follows, 

 in Bulletin No. 1 of the State Entomologist of Illinois : 

 ' The experiments above described seem to me to prove that 

 at least seventy per cent of the loss commonly sufiered by 

 the fruit grower from the ravages of the codling moth or 

 apple Avorm may be prevented at a nominal expense, or, 

 practically, in the long run, at no expense at all by thor- 

 oughly applying Paris green in a spray with water, once or 

 twice in early spring, as soon as the fruit is fairly set, and 

 not so late as the time when the growing apple turns down- 

 ward on the stem.'" (Bulletin No. 5, Iowa Agricultural 

 Experiment Station, Gillette.) 



