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study will enable most any one to acquire this knowledge, 

 which should be strictly practiced on every fruiting tree. 



Having said all that we think necessary on raising pear trees 

 from the seed, budding, pruning, etc., we will take up grafting, 

 the influence of stock on scion, and vice versa, preparing soil, 

 transplanting, etc. This whole subject was suggested to us by 

 Mr. D. W. Low, of Gloucester, who scarcely left us anything 

 else (relating to the pear) to write on, after his instructive 

 report to the society last year, on the general management of 

 the pear. 



Grafting is a science long known in fruit culture, and vari- 

 ous modes of grafting are practiced in different countries. The 

 French, it is said, have no less than fifty, and excel all others 

 in the art. The most prominent modes in vogue with them, 

 however, are whip, root, splice, skin and cleft grafting ; their 

 other modes are principally experimental. The object of graft- 

 ing is similar to that of budding — to multiply varieties that can- 

 not reproduce themselves from the seed, though it is often per- 

 formed with other objects in view, such as obtaining a new va- 

 riety quicker than by any other mode. A scion inserted in a 

 bearing tree will hardly ever fail to produce the third year, but 

 this cannot be said with the same operation on a seedling ; it 

 will show no sign of fruiting in that time. Therefore, we 

 must see the importance of having older trees, and of the strong 

 growing kinds for stocks to accomplish the object successfully ; 

 the slow-growing kinds are never apt to bring good results. 



Crossing two healthy varieties of the pear family cannot but 

 work very important influences on both (scion and stock) in 

 producing fine fruit, as we have seen the Bartlett grafted on 

 the Doyenne Boussack, the Dutchess on the Bufi'um, the Beurre 

 d'Anjou on the Onondaga, Clapp's Favorite on the Flemish 

 Beauty, to produce very fine and extra large specimens. The 

 society has paid a premium two years in succession on spec- 

 imens of the Beurre Clairgeau pear grown from grafts on a 

 Flemish Beauty stock. The Flemish Beauty, Beurre Diel, 

 Doyenne Boussack, Doyenne White, Buffum and Vicar of 



