114 GEOLOGy. 



-with regard to the important industry of fruit-growing, form an im- 

 portant item of the different reports on economic geology. There is 

 also information in reference to the caverns of the limestone-districts, 

 and of the traces of the aboriginal inhabitants afforded by the so-called 

 "bone-banks" and the pyramid-mounds. The geological portion of 

 the report is prefaced by a special report made by Prof. Cox on the 

 Vienna Exhibition, which he attended as Commissioner from the State 

 of Indiana, and another on the manufacture of Spiegeleisen in the 

 lllienish Westphalian district, by Mr. Hugh Hartmann. 



A new reptile footprint is described and figured, Colletosauriis In- 

 dianensis (Cox), from the base of the Coal Measures. H. B. 



CoxE, EcKLEY, B. A new method of sinking Shafts. Trans. Amer. 



Inst. Min. Eng. vol. i. p. 261, part of plate ii. 

 Geological sketch of the territory to be worked (Anthracite Coal Mea- 

 sures, north of PottsviUe), with sections of collieries, pp. 261-264. 



Crawfoiii), R. On a projected Railway Route over the Andes, from 



the Argentine RepubHc. Journ. R. Geogr. Soc. vol. xliii. 1873 



[really pub. in 1874], pp. 46-54. _ 



Details as to the character of the soil along the route are given, and 



an account of the minerals of economic value known in the district, 



at pp. 52, 53. G. A. L. 



Cunningham, R. 0. On the Physical Features and Natural History 

 of Southern Patagonia and Tierra del Euego. Proc. Belfast Nat. 

 Hist, and Phil. Soc, session 1872-73, pp. 40-50. 



Some general geological information given. 



Dana, Prof. J. D. The Slates of the Taconic Mountains of the age of 



the Hudson River or Cincinnati group. Proc. Amer. Assoc. 



vol. xxii. B. pp. 27-29. 



The Berkshire (Stockbridge) Limestone is said to be proved to underlie 



the Taconic slates, which were formerly supposed to be the older rocks. 



This confirms the view of Prof. Rogers that the Taconic slates are 



Hudson-River slates. The Trenton and Hudson-River or Cincinnati 



groups are then the true Taconic system. G. A. L. 



. On Staurolite Crystals and Green-Mountain Gneisses of the 



Silurian age. Proc. Amer. Assoc, vol. xxii. B. pp. 25-27. 



Announces the discovery of Staurolite-bearing mica-schists in Southern 

 Canaan overlying the Stockbridge or Canaan limestone. The age of 

 the latter is Lower Silurian. This overlying mica-schist in places 

 passes into gneiss. Concludes from these and other similar facts, that 

 all old-looking Green-Mountain gneisses are not pre-Silurian, and that 

 the presence of Staurolite is no evidence of a pre-Silurian age. G. A. L. 



. Reasons for some of the changes in the subdivisions of Geo- 

 logical time in the new edition of Dana's Manual of Geology. 

 Amer. Journ. ser. 3, vol. viii. pp. 213-216. 



The changes justified are as follows: — 1. Arclicean for Azoic* 

 2. Primordial or Cambrian ^Deriod, from which the Calciferous sand- 



