CHROMOSOMES AND MITOCHONDRIA 279 



granules and chains of granules ; the latter were also 

 called chondriokonts ; (3) plastosomes (plastochon- 

 dria, plastokonta), employed by Meves (1910) be- 

 cause of their supposed role in histogenesis ; (4) 

 eclectosomes, selected by Regaud (1909) as a general 

 physiological expression for chondriosonies ; (5) chon- 

 driotaxis, used by Giglios-Tos and Granata (1908) 

 to describe the parallel arrangement of chondrio- 

 konts ; (6) chondriodierese, proposed by the same 

 authors for the division of the chondriokonts during 

 cell division ; (7) karyochondria, coined by AVildman 

 (1913) for cytoplasmic inclusions derived from the 

 basichromatin of the nucleus ; (8) chromidia, a term 

 considered by Goldschmidt (1904) and others to in- 

 clude the mitochondria. 



We are here especially interested in the mitochon- 

 dria of the germ cells, their origin, fate, and signif- 

 icance, but our ideas regarding the importance of 

 these bodies in heredity depend somewhat upon their 

 behavior in somatic cells. As already stated, 

 Benda (1903) observed mitochondria in both germ 

 cells and somatic cells. Since then they have been 

 recorded in Protozoa, in almost every sort of somatic 

 cell in Metazoa, and in many plant cells (Fig. 77). 

 Excellent reviews have been published by Benda 

 (1903), Faure-Fremiet (1910), Prenant (1910), and 

 Duesberg (1912). These reviews have led to the 

 conclusion already expressed by Regaud (1909, 

 p. 920) that "it is probable that they (mitochondria) 

 exist in all cells, at least at certain stages in their 

 activities." Among the somatic differentiations to 



