HISTORY OF HORSE-SHOEING. 



9 



Fig. 3.- 



C"7 



-Shoe from the grave of Childeric, 

 King of the Franks. 



where only a horse's head was found and no remains of feet, shoes 

 should have been included as something of particular value ? " 



The view advanced by Euetf, that the shoes were added by 

 the Alemanni, seems much 

 more probable, because they 

 were addicted to the consump- 

 tion of horse-iiesh, and there- 

 fore had better opportunities 

 of discovering the formation 

 of the different portions of the 

 foot (?) ; and also because the 

 horse being to them an indis- 

 pensable means of transport in 

 war, they would make it a 

 special study, and seek for a 

 more practical method of shoe- 

 ing than the hipposandals of 

 the Eomans. The excavations 



of the battlefields of the Alemanni, near Ulm, support this 

 view. Rueff continues : — 



" Compared with other antique shoes, it is narrower at the toe, 

 is unprovided with calkins and toepiece, and has six nail-holes, 

 the punching of which has somewhat bent the outer border of 

 the shoe. 



" In examining the graves of the pre-Christian Alemanni, 

 Hassler found one containing the remains of weapons, and 

 close to it a horse-shoe. This has some resemblance to other 

 antique horse-shoes found in the same country ; it is broad at 

 the toe, has three nail-holes and quadrangular calkins. The 

 graves date from the middle of the fourth to the end of the sixth 

 century." 



Next to this shoe must be placed one found, together with 

 four smaller shoes, at a place of sacrifice near Cavannes, in 

 Switzerland. 



In the eighth and ninth centuries horse-shoeing was practised 

 in the Scandinavian peninsula, although in quite a different 

 manner. Professor Dr Olof Pehrson Bendz of Alnarp, South 

 Sweden, states that these shoes, called broddar,* consisted of a 

 kind of cramp with forward prolongations, the points of which 



Brodd. (Swed.) = Frost-nail 



broddningeu = to shoe. 



