PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND DISEASES 53 



It is the cause of anthrax, a disease more particularly 

 of cattle and sheep, man only acquiring it from contact 

 with these animals or their products. Woolsorters' 

 disease is anthrax of the lungs in man. It occurs in 

 those who handle wool from sheep which have been 

 affected. Infection usually occurs through wounds of 

 the skin, where it produces a localized inflammation 

 termed malignant pustule. 



Animals are rendered immune to disease by vaccina- 

 tion with attenuated cultures of the germ. There is 

 some risk attached to this method, and it is never em- 

 ployed in man. 



Bacillus Mallei (Bacillus of Glanders). A facultative 

 anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacterium, the cause of 

 glanders. Like anthrax, glanders is a disease of the 

 lower animals more particularly, man acquiring it by 

 contact with such animals. 



The source of infection is the discharge from the le- 

 sions of the disease, and the site of infection is the nasal 

 mucous membrane or wounds of the skin. Nodules 

 of the skin and mucous membranes occur and break 

 down, forming ulcers. The neighboring lymph-glands 

 become swollen and a profuse discharge occurs, which 

 is highly infective. 



Mallein, a product similar to tuberculin, is used as a 

 diagnostic measure in animals. A reaction similar to 

 that following the use of tuberculin follows its use in 

 affected animals. Prevention consists of prompt kill- 



