78 BACTERIOLOGY 



Tuberculosis, Pneumonia, and Influenza. Exclude 

 flies. In these diseases the sputum carries the infection; 

 the nasal secretions also in influenza. These secretions, 

 therefore, are the ones that require particular attention. 

 They should be carefully guarded against dissemination 

 by the use of sputum cups and gauze or handkerchiefs, 

 which may be immersed immediately in disinfectant 

 solution or burned. Dishes, eating utensils, bed-linen, 

 garments, food, etc., should receive the same care as 

 in typhoid and other infectious diseases. Rooms should 

 be disinfected and fumigated as in other infections. 



Small-pox. Exclude flies. In this disease the scales 

 constitute the most important element in the dissemina- 

 tion of the infection. Effort should, therefore, be di- 

 rected toward eliminating, as far as possible, this source 

 of contagion. The contagion is very persistent and clings 

 to clothing, furniture, the skin and hair of attendants, 

 and to everything that may come in contact with or near 

 the patient. The room should be as bare of furnishing 

 as possible. Every precaution should be exercised by 

 the physician and others who must pass in and out of the 

 building where the case is isolated. A complete outfit 

 should be at hand to protect shoes, clothes, and hair when 

 entering the room or building. Everyone in contact 

 with the patient should have been vaccinated. Anti- 

 septic baths and shampoos should be given daily for 

 some time before release. The nurse should take simi- 

 lar precautions, though not so extensive. Fumigation 



