8 HISTORICAL. 



nitely the characters of the various microorganisms found in pus 

 from acute abscesses, etc. 



The tetanus bacillus was discovered in 1884 by Nicolaier, a stu- 

 dent in the laboratory of Prof. Flugge, of Gottingen. That this 

 bacillus is the cause of tetanus in man has been demonstrated by the 

 subsequent researches of numerous investigators. For an exact knowl- 

 edge of its biological characters we are especially indebted to Kitasato. 



So far as human pathology is concerned, no important pathogenic 

 microorganism has been discovered since the year 1884 until the 

 present year (1892). After numerous unsuccessful researches by 

 competent bacteriologists, a bacillus has finally been discovered by 

 Pfeiffer, of Berlin, and independently by Canon, which is believed 

 to be the specific cause of influenza. 



Having briefly passed in review some of the principal events in 

 the progress of our knowledge in this department of scientific inves- 

 tigation, it will be of interest to students to know something more of 

 the literature of bacteriology. Important papers have appeared in 

 medical and scientific journals in all countries, and research work of 

 value has been done by enthusiastic investigators of nearly every 

 nation. The brilliant pioneer work done by Pasteur and by Koch 

 has attracted to them many pupils and has made France and Ger- 

 many the leading countries in this line of investigation. The very 

 great advantages of Koch's methods of research, introduced at the 

 commencement of the last decade, have attracted many students 

 from various parts of the world to Berlin, and to other cities of Ger- 

 many where instruction was to be obtained from some of Koch's 

 earlier pupils. But to-day bacteriological laboratories have been 

 established in all parts of the world, and it is no longer necessary to 

 go to Germany to obtain such instruction. The literature of the sub- 

 ject is, however, largely in the German and French languages. We 

 can only refer here to such periodicals as are principally devoted to 

 bacteriological research work. 



The Zeitschrift fur Hygiene has been published since 188(3, and 

 contains numerous valuable papers, contributed for the most part by 

 the pupils of Koch and of Flugge, who are the editors of the journal. 

 Nine volumes, each containing three numbers, have thus far been 

 published (1891). 



The Annales de I'Institut Pasteur is a monthly journal which has 

 been published since 1888. It is edited by Duclaux, and contains many 

 important papers and reviews, as well as the statistics of the Pasteur 

 Institute relating to preventive inoculations against hydrophobia. 



The Annales de Micrography is a monthly journal, published in 

 Paris. It is now (1892) in its fourth year. The principal editor is 

 Miquel. 



