NOT DESCRIBED IN PREVIOUS SECTIONS. 477 



often united in chains of six to eight elements. The cells are surrounded by 

 a transparent capsule resembling that of Friedlaiider's bacillus. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic, motile bacillus. Upon agar, at 

 37 C., a yellowish- white layer is quickly developed and there is production 

 of gas. According to Alvarez, this bacillus develops an indigo-blue color in 

 a sterilized infusion of the leaves of the indigo plant. 



Pathogenesis. Guinea pigs die in from three to twelve hours from the 

 intravenous injection of a pure culture. 



138. BACILLUS OF KARTULIS. 



Obtained by Koch (1883) and by Kartulis from the conjunctival secre- 

 tions of persons suffering from a form of infectious catarrhal conjunctivitis 

 which prevails in Egypt. 



Morphology. Resembles the bacillus of mouse septicaemia (Bacillus mu- 

 risepticus) in its form and dimensions. * 



Stains with the usual aniline colors. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic bacillus. Does not grow in nutri- 

 ent gelatin at the room temperature. Upon the surface of nutrient agar, at 

 28 to 30 C., at the end of thirty to forty hours small, grayish-white points 

 are developed along the impfstrich ; later these become confluent and form 

 an elevated, shining, dark-colored layer with irregular and often jagged 

 margins. 



Pathogenesis. Out of six experimental inoculations, with pure cultures, 

 made by Kartulis in the eyes of healthy individuals, four gave a negative 

 result, one produced a catarrhal inflammation lasting for a week, in an eye 

 which was blind from a previous attack of sclerochoroiditis, and one a con- 

 junctivitis lasting for ten days in a perfectly healthy eye. 



139. BACILLUS OF UTPADEL. 



Obtained by Utpadel (1887) from the wards of a military hospital at Augs- 

 burg in the " Zwischendeckenfullung " ; also by Gessner from the contents 

 of the small intestine in man. 



Morphology. Bacilli with round ends, 1.25 to 1.5 ju. long and 0.75 to 1 ju. 

 thick ; often united in pairs or in chains of three elements. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic, non-liquefying, motile bacillus. 

 Grows in the usual culture media at the room temperature. Spore forma- 

 tion not observed. Upon gelatin plates the superficial colonies are elevated 

 and sometimes conical, and of a milk-white color. The deep colonies are 

 round or oval ; the centre is dark green and is surrounded by a brownish- 

 green peripheral zone. Upon the surface of agar a yellowish-white layer 

 is developed very slowly. The growth upon gelatin is rapid. 



Pathogenesis. When injected subcutaneously into cats, guinea-pigs, or 

 mice it produces an extensive inflammatory osdenia, resulting in the death 

 of the animals. 



140. BACILLUS ALVEI. 



Synonym. Bacillus of foul brood (of bees). 



Obtained by Cheshire and Cheyne (1885) from the larvae in hives infected 

 with " foul brood." The larvae in the interior of cells in the comb die and 

 become almost fluid as a result of parasitic invasion by this bacillus. 



Morphology. Bacilli with rounded ends, from 2.5 to 5 // in length (aver- 

 age about 3.6 fi) and 0.8 u in diameter. Grow out into filaments and form 

 large oval spores which have a greater diameter than the rods in which they 

 are developed 1.07 n. 



Stains readily with the aniline colors usually employed, also by Gram's 

 method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic and facultative anaerobic, liquefy- 



