NOT DESCRIBED IN PREVIOUS SECTIONS. 481 



Pathogenesis. Inoculations in the conjunctivas of rabbits produce ecchy- 

 moses of the conjunctiva. At the autopsy numerous haemorrhagic extrava- 

 sations are found in all the organs, especially in the lungs and liver ; the 

 spleen is enlarged ; the bacilli can be recovered in pure cultures from the 

 various organs. Old cultures proved to have lost their virulence. Patho- 

 genic for mice, which die from general infection in the course of a few days ; 

 the spleen is enlarged, and haemorrhages in the serous membranes are usually 

 seen. 



147. BACILLUS OF PURPURA H.EMORRHAGICA OF KOLB. 



Obtained by Kolb (1891) from the various organs of three individuals 

 who died in from two to four days from attacks characterized by suddenly 

 developed fever, purpura, and albuminous urine. 



Morphology. Oval bacilli, usually in pairs, 08 to 1.5/f long and O.S/* 

 broad, surrounded by a narrow capsule, which is only seen distinctly in 

 preparations from the organs. 



Stains with the aniline colors, but not deeply, and still more feebly by 

 Gram's method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic and facultative anaerobic, non- 

 liquefying non-motile bacillus. Does not form spores. Grows in the usual 

 culture media at the room temperature. In gelatin stick cultures, at the end 

 of four days, a very small, thin, hyaline growth is seen about the point of 

 inoculation. The development is more abundant along the line of puncture. 

 Upon the surface of agar a thin layer is formed with smooth margins. 

 Upon potato, at the end of three to four days, a whitish, moist, shining stripe 

 is seen along the impfstrich which is about three millimetres broad. 



Pathogenesis. Injections of 0.5 to 1 cubic centimetre of a bouillon 

 culture into the abdominal cavity of rabbits cause symptoms of general in- 

 fection in the course of a few days, and not infrequently haemorrhagic ex- 

 travasations are seen in the ear muscles. More than one cubic centimetre 

 may cause death in from one to three days. At the autopsy haemorrhagic 

 extravasations are found in the subcutaneous tissues and in the serous and 

 mucous membranes. The blood has little disposition to coagulate; the 

 bacillus may be recovered in pure cultures from the various organs. In 

 guinea-pigs local ecchymoses are sometimes produced, otherwise not patho- 

 genic for this animal. Pathogenic for mice, which die from general infec- 

 tion, after being inoculated with a small quantity of a pure culture, in from 

 two to three days; spleen enlarged; lymphatic glands often haemorrhagic. 

 Not fatal to dogs, but animals which were inoculated with one cubic centi- 

 metre of a bouillon culture and subsequently killed proved to have haemor- 

 rhagic extravasations in the various organs. 



148. BACILLUS HEMINECROBIOPHILUS. 



Obtained by Arloing (1889) from a caseous lymphatic gland in a guinea-pig. 



Morphology. Bacilli which vary greatly in length and are sometimes so 

 short as to resemble micrococci ("polymorphous"); usually from one to 

 four u long; in anaerobic cultures from eight to twenty u. 



Stains with the usual aniline colors. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic and facultative anaerobic, non- 

 liquefying, slightly motile bacillus. Spore formation n.ot observed. Grows 

 rapidly in the usual culture media best in the incubating oven at 35 C. 

 The growth upon the surface of gelatin has a yellowish color. Upon potato 

 a yellowish- white layer is developed. 



Pathogenesis. According to Arloing, this bacillus is not pathogenic when 

 injected into healthy tissues in dogs, sheep, guinea-pigs, and rabbits, but 

 when the tissues have previously been injured it produces a local oedema and 

 necrotic changes, accompanied by gas formation. This is not peculiar to the 

 microorganism described by Arloing, which appears to be one of the Proteus 

 group. 



