BACTERIA, NOT CLASSIFIED. T^o 



developed in two or three days ; along 1 the line of the inoculating- needle in 

 stick cultures a granular growth is seen which has a brownish-gray color. 

 Upon agar the surface growth is similar to that upon gelatin and quickly 

 covers the entire surface. When the culture medium contains sugar or gly- 

 cerin lenticular bubbles of gas are formed in it. Upon potato a thick layer 

 is developed resembling puree of peas, but not so decidedly yellow in color ; 

 in old cultures the color is a dirty-gray. In anaerobic cultures a scanty de- 

 velopment occurs. 



Pathogenesis. Subcutaneous injections in rabbits or guinea-pigs gave a 

 negative result. Iritraperitoneal injections in guinea-pigs produce peritoni- 

 tis and death. 



469. BACILLUS SCHAFFEKI (Freudenreich). 



Obtained by Freudenreich from cheese and from fermenting potato 

 fragments of raw potato in water. 



Morphology. Bacilli about 1 n thick and from 2 to 3 // long; in old cul- 

 tures long filaments are common 20 to 25 fi. 



Stains well with the usual aniline colors; in gelatin cultui'es the rods 

 are frequently only partly stained ; generally the central portion is stained 

 while the poles remain unstained, but occasionally one-half is colored, or 

 two stained portions may be separated by a clear space. Does not stain by 

 Gram's method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic and facultative anaerobic, non-li- 

 quefying, motile bacillus. Spore formation not observed. Grows in the 

 usual culture media at the room temperature. Upon gelatin plates, at the 

 end of two or three days, punctiform, yellowish colonies are developed ; 

 under a low power these are seen to be granular, pale-yellow, and spherical 

 or irregular in outline ; upon the surface the colonies are elevated, circular 

 in outline, and porcelain- white in color; when widely separated they may 

 finally attain the size of a two-franc piece with very irregular margins ; 

 under a low power these large colonies are seen to be granular, and to have 

 a yellowish centre with pale margins. The colonies are not viscid and are 

 easily detached from the surface with a platinum needle. In stick cultures 

 in nutrient gelatin a layer is developed upon the surface which at first is 

 nearly transparent ; later this has a grayish color and extends over the entire 

 surface; the growth along the line of puncture extends to the bottom, but 

 is not characteristic. Upon agar a grayish layer is developed, which later 

 sometimes acquires a brownish color, especially along the line of puncture. 

 Upon potato a moist, yellowish layer is developed ; this remains smooth and 

 is without gas bubbles. In bouillon, at 37 3 C. , development occurs within 

 five or six hours, causing turbidity ; when milk sugar is added to the pepton- 

 ized bouillon there is a development of gas, and bubbles are given off in 

 abundance when the culture is agitated. Culture media containing sugar 

 acquire an acid reaction; at the end of several days a pellicle is formed upon 

 the surface, which later falls to the bottom. In sterilized milk development 

 is not abundant, but milk filtered through porcelain is a favorable culture 

 medium; an acid reaction is produced, but coagulation, as a rule, does not 

 occur sometimes an imperfect coagulation occurs. This bacillus dies out 

 in cultures in two or three weeks, and does not resist desiccation longer than 

 forty-seven to fifty days. It is killed by a temperature of 70 C. maintained 

 for fifteen minutes. According to Freudenreich, this bacillus closely re- 

 sembles Bacillus coli communis, but is distinguished from it by the fact that 

 it is actively motile, and by its ability to grow in solutions of milk sugar in 

 the absence of oxygen, also by not being pathogenic for guinea-pigs when 

 injected into the peritoneal cavity. 



470. BACILLI OP GUILLEBEAU (a, 6, and C). 

 Obtained by Guillebeau from the milk of cows suffering from mastitis, 



