732 ADDITIONAL SPECIES OF 



six to twenty hours. Some of the bacilli do not stain uniformly, but present 

 the appearance of stained spots altei'nating with unstained portions. 



Biological Characters not determined. Does not grow in glycerin-agar 

 or in blood serum. In bouillon inoculated with blood from the finger of a 

 measles patient, bacilli were obtained in three cultures which resembled the 

 bacillus found in the blood, and which failed to grow when transplanted to 

 glycerin-agar, blood serum, or bouillon. At first the bouillon remained 

 clear, with a sediment at the bottom partly made up of the inoculated blood ; 

 after several days a faint cloudiness was noticed and small flocculi formed. 

 In these bouillon cultures the bacilli had various forms and dimensions, 

 some of them exceeding in length those found in stained preparations from 

 the blood. They appeared to have a slight independent motion. The bacilli 

 in these bouillon cultures did not stain by Gram's method. The bacilli re- 

 ferred to were found in the blood preparations in varying numbers some- 

 times very few, and at others the first field examined was crowded. They 

 were found during the whole course of the disease, and in one case three 

 days after the fever had disappeared. They were also found in the secre- 

 tions from the nose and conjunctiva of measles patients. 



487. BACILLUS SANGUINIS TYPHI. 



Obtained (1892) by Brannan and Cheesrnan from the blood of typhus- 

 fever patients. "The blood, obtained under strict antiseptic precautions 

 from the six living patients, was streaked on six-per-cent glyceriii-agar 

 plates, arid smeared on sterilized cover glasses by Dr. Brannan and brought 

 at once to the laboratory. The cover-glass smears from all the cases, being 

 dried at once in the air, were fixed in alcohol and stained in Czenzynski's 

 solution for eighteen hours at room temperature. Although all of these 

 covers were examined throughout with a one-sixteenth homogeneous immer- 

 sion lens in the most careful manner, in only about one-half of them a few 

 blue-stained bacilli were found, never more than eight or ten on a cover." 



Morphology. Bacilli with round ends, from 1 to 2. 5 n long and 0.5 to 

 0.8 u broad ; solitary or in pairs, and occasionally in chains containing six 

 to eight elements ; often club-shaped, or ovoid in recent cultures. 



Stains with the usual aniline colors and by Gram's method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic and facultative anaerobic, non- 

 motile bacillus. Does not form spores. Does not grow at a lower tempera- 

 ture than 27 C. Grows best upon blood serum at 37.5 C. Upon glycerin- 

 agar plates colonies are developed which at the end of eighteen hours appear 

 as minute, bluish-gray, translucent spots, the diameter of which does not 

 exceed 0.25 millimetre ; later the colonies appear dry and scaly, they 

 are flat, more opaque, and whiter, and do not exceed two millimetres in 

 diameter. Under a low power the recent colonies are seen to be granular, 

 to have a sinuous and sharply defined margin and a pale-brown color which 

 is more intense at the centre and in scattered points upon the surface. When 

 magnified one hundred diameters the surface appears to be coarsely granular, 

 and coarse, irregular spiculae are seen about the margin. In glycerin-agar 

 tubes, at 37. 5 C., growth occui-s upon the surface and along the line of 

 puncture as small, white, isolated colonies. Upon blood serum a slightly 

 elevated, white, shining layer is developed. In milk a white deposit is 

 formed at the bottom of the tube and the milk undergoes no apparent change. 

 On potato no visible growth was obtained. 



Pathogenesis. "Inoculations of cultures of the bacillus obtained from 

 two of the cases were made in eight rabbits, two guinea-pigs, and two white 

 mice. All the animals showed marked emaciation, and, with the exception 

 ot two rabbits, all the animals experimented upon died in from ten to twenty- 

 nine days. The inoculated bacillus was obtained from the heart's blood of 

 two of the rabbits that died." 



