214 BACTERIOLOGY 



Agar slant. Growth thin, translucent, slimy, spreading. 



Litmus milk. After some time a slight acid reaction ; variable. Indol not 



produced. Nitrates reduced to nitrites. H 2 S produced. Lactic acid 



produced in glucose bouillon. 

 Pathogenesis. Inoculation of experimental animals with moderate quantities 



usually negative; with large quantities death by toxaemia. Filtered 



cultures toxic to test animals. 

 Habitat. In the spleen in cases of typhoid fever; also in greater or less 



numbers in the intestinal lesions, mesentery glands, liver, bile, kidneys,. 



etc. ; also in the stools of typhoid patients, and in infected water. 



22. B. pseudo-typhosus Kruse 



Fliigge, Die Mikroorganismen, 1896, 383. 



Morphological and cultural characters identical with the preceding. Differen- 

 tiated by the absence of the serum reaction. (See Zeitsch. f. Hygiene^ 

 XXI, 238.) 



Habitat. Isolated by Pansini from a liver abscess, and by Losener from the 

 peritoneal fluid of a hog, water, etc. 



23. B. Billingsi 



Bacillus of corn-stalk disease of cattle Billings : Baumgarten's Jahresbericht, 1889, 184. 



Morphology. Bacilli identical with B. typhosus. Cultural characters indis- 

 tinguishable from B. typhosus. 



Pathogenesis. Inoculations of mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits cause general 

 septicaemia. 



Habitat. Isolated by Billings from corn-stalk disease of cattle, and by Nocard 

 from bronchopneumonia in oxen. 



24. B. paradoxus Kruse 



Typhus ahnlicher Bacillus Kruse- Pasquale : Zeitsch. f. Hygiene, XVI, 1894, X 9* 

 B. paradoxus Kruse: Fliigge, Die Mikroorganismen, 1896, 373. 



Morphological and cultural characters like B. typhosus. 



Potato. Growth spreading, invisible. 



Lactose bouillon. No gas. Indol produced. Pathogenic for mice. 



Habitat. Isolated from the liver from a case of dysentery in Alexandria. 



