MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 95 



laries fixed together; swimming-bladder without 

 air-duct. 



1. FAMILY. Sun-Fishes (Cephalidse). Body oval 



or orbicular, compressed, spineless, not capa- 

 ble of inflation ; jaws undivided ; dorsal, 

 caudal, and anal fins united. 



2. FAMILY. Globe-Fishes (Gynmodontidse). Body 



oval, scabrous or defended by prickles or by 

 spines ; belly capable of being greatly in- 

 flated ; teeth none ; jaws in some divided, 

 giving the appearance of teeth. 



3. FAMILY. Trunk-Fishes (Ostraciontidse). Body 



smooth, triangular, or quadrangular, covered 

 by angulated bony plates, soldered at su- 

 tures ; dorsal single ; ventral none. 

 4 FAMILY. File-Fishes (Balistidse). Body com- 

 pressed; skin coriaceous, granulated; muzzle 

 prolonged ; mouth very small ; a few sharp 

 teeth in each jaw ; dorsals 2, ventral single. 



VII. ORDER. SPINY-FISHES (Acanthopteri). 



Endo-skeleton ossified; exo-skeleton as ctenoid 

 scales ; fins with one or more of first rays unjointed, 

 or inflexible spines ; ventrals in most beneath, or in 

 advance of the pectorals ; swimming-bladder with- 

 out air-duct. 



1. FAMILY. Fishing-Frogs (Lophiidse). Head very 

 large, much flattened, often spiny or tuber- 

 culated; body depressed; tail small, com- 

 pressed ; skin naked; mouth often very wide, 

 cleft horizontally ; pectorals pedunculated. 



