MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 395 



important substances, as Anise (Pimpinella), Cara- 

 way (Carum), Coriander (Coriandrum), Cumin 

 (Cuminum), and Dill (Anethum). Among the 

 dangerous individuals of the last division may be 

 noted Hemlock (Gonium), Water-Hemlock (Cicuta), 

 Fools-Parsley (jEthusa), and the species of CEnan- 

 the. The distribution of this family, which is the 

 Umbelliferce of authors, is widely extended. 



III. ORDER CINCHONALS (Cinchonales). 



Flowers dichlamydeous, monopetalous ; embryo 

 minute, in a large quantity of albumen. 



1. FAMILY. Madders (Rubiacese). Herbs, stems 



square ; leaves whorled, exstipulate ; flowers 

 minute ; corolla 4-6-lobed ; stamens epi- 

 petalous; anthers bursting longitudinally; 

 fruit didymous ; cotyledons leafy. Natives 

 of the Northern Hemisphere, also of moun- 

 tainous parts of Peru, Chili, and Australasia. 

 Madder is the product of the root of several 

 species of Rubia. (Galiacece. Lindley.) 



2. FAMILY. Honeysuckles (Caprifoliacese). Shrubs 



or herbs ; leaves opposite, exstipulate ; flowers 

 corymbose, often sweet scented ; calyx 4-5- 

 clefb ; corolla lobed ; stamens epicorolline ; an- 

 thers bursting longitudinally ; fruit fleshy or 

 dry, in dehiscent. Contains two Sub-families, 

 viz., 1, the Lonicerece or Honeysuckles pro- 

 per, with a raphe on inner side of ovule, 

 and 2, the Sambucece or Elders, with a raphe 

 on outer side of ovule. Occur principally in 



