422 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



or shrubs ; leaves opposite, stipulate ; flowers 

 axillary, solitary, or clustered ; calyx campa- 

 nulate, 4-5 -cleft, valvate ; petals 4-5, fringed; 

 stamens distinct ; ovary 3~5-celled ; style 

 simple ; stigma obtuse ; placentae axile ; fruit 

 berried or capsular. A small tropical family. 



6. FAMILY. Poison-Nuts (Loganiaceae). Shrubs, 



herbs, or trees ; leaves opposite, usually sti- 

 pulate ; flowers racemose, corymbose, or soli- 

 tary ; calyx 4-5-parted ; corolla 4-5- or 10- 

 divided ; aestivation convolute or valvate ; 

 ovary usually 2-celled ; style continuous ; 

 stigma simple ; fruit capsular, drupaceous, or 

 baccate; seeds peltate, sometimes winged- 

 Found in tropical and sub-tropical regions. 

 A poisonous series of plants, yielding False- 

 Angostura Bark, St. Ignatius' Beans, Strych- 

 nia, Brucia, Ourari or Woorali poison, and 

 Carolina-Pink. 



7. FAMILY. Dogbanes (Apocynaceae). Trees or 



shrubs, usually milky ; leaves opposite, exsti- 

 pulate ; flowers large, showy ; inflorescence 

 corymbose ; calyx 5-parted, persistent ; corolla 

 5-lobed, deciduous ; aestivation contorted ; sta- 

 mens five ; ovaries two, unilocular, or one and 

 bilocular ; styles 2 or 1 ; stigma one, contracted 

 in the middle ; fruit follicular, capsular, drupa- 

 ceous or baccate ; seeds usually pendulous. 

 Chiefly a tropical family, containing many 

 poisonous species, among which are the tree 

 affording Tanghin poison in Madagascar, Ole- 



