MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 423 



ander, Dogbane ; also the Milk-tree of De- 

 merara, which yields a fluid. Some supply a 

 variety of Caoutchouc. 



8. FAMILY. Hollies (Aquifoliacese). Trees or shrubs, 



evergreen ; leaves alternate or opposite, ex- 

 stipulate ; flowers small, white or greenish, 

 axillary, solitary or clustered ; calyx and 

 corolla 4-6-parted, imbricated ; stamens al- 

 ternate with segments of corolla ; disk none ; 

 ovary fleshy ; stigma nearly sessile, lobed ; 

 placentas axile ; fruit fleshy, indehiscent, with 

 2-6-stones ; seed pendulous. Found in North 

 and South America, the West Indies, the 

 Cape of Good Hope, one occurs in Europe. 

 Yield Holly, Paraguay-tea, &c. (Ilicinece, 

 Brongniart.) 



9. FAMILY. Ebonies (Guaiacaracese). Trees or 



shrubs ; wood heavy ; leaves alternate, exstipu- 

 late, coriaceous ; inflorescence axillary ; flowers 

 often unisexual ; calyx 3-7-divided, persist- 

 ent ; corolla 3-7-divided, deciduous ; aestiva- 

 tion imbricated ; ovary free, sessile, plurilo- 

 cular ; style usually divided ; stigma sessile, 

 radiating ; fruit fleshy, round or oval ; seed 

 suspended. Chiefly tropical. Occur in India, 

 also in North and South America, Australia, 

 Africa, and Europe. Yield Ebony, Ironwood, 

 the Date-plum, &c. (Ebenacece, Vent.) 



VI. ORDER KHAMNALS (Khamnales). 

 Flowers monodichlamydeous ; carpels consoli- 



