442 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



hot and temperate parts of the world, espe- 

 cially in North America and at the Cape of 

 Good Hope. 



4. FAMILY. Sarcolenads (Sarcolsenacese). Trees or 



shrubs ; flowers fine, showy, usually red, 

 unsymmetrical ; involucre 1-2-flowered, per- 

 sistent ; leaves alternate, stipulate ; sepals 

 three, small ; petals five, convolute ; stamens " 

 monadelphous ; ovary trilocular ; style one ; 

 stigma trifid ; fruit capsular, 3-celled, or by 

 abortion 1 -celled ; albumen abundant. Na- 

 tives of Madagascar. (Chlcenacece, Lindley.) 



5. FAMILY. Flaxes (Linacese). Herbs or small 



shrubs; leaves alternate or opposite, exsti- 

 pulate ; flowers fugitive ; sepals 3-4-5, 

 persistent ; petals 3 -4-5, fugitive ; stamens 

 equal to, and alternate with, petals ; anthers 

 erect ; ovary with as many cells and styles 

 as the sepals ; stigmas capitate ; ovules 

 pendulous, anatropal; fruit capsular, pluri- 

 locular ; albumen scanty or 0. Most 

 abundant in Europe and Northern Africa, 

 but occur also in America, India, New 

 Zealand, and Australia. Valuable as being 

 the source of the flax of commerce ; yield 

 also Linseed-oil, Linseed-meal, and oil-cake. 



Y. OKDEK. RUTALS (Rutales). 



Flowers monodichlamydeous, symmetrical ; calyx 

 and corolla imbricated ; stamens definite ; placentas 

 axile ; albumen little or none. 



