452 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



enlarged calyx. Mostly confined to the East 

 Indies, Australia, and Africa. 



3. FAMILY. Canella-Barks (Winteraniacese). Shrub- 

 by, aromatic ; leaves evergreen, alternate, ex- 

 stipulate ; flowers purple, corymbose ; calyx 

 leathery, sepals three, persistent, imbricate ; 

 petals 5, aestivation twisted ; stamens defi- 

 nite ; anthers 2-celled ; ovary 1 -celled ; ovules 

 anatropal ; stigma slightly emarginate ; fruit 

 3-celled(?) Comprises two genera, one of which 

 is Brazilian, the other, Ganella, from the 

 West Indies is officinal. 



3. FAMILY. Pittosporads (Pittosporacese). Trees 

 or shrubs ; leaves alternate, exstipulate ; 

 flowers terminal or axillary; sepals and petals 

 4-5 ; aestivation imbricate ; stamens 5, alter- 

 nate with the petals; ovary single, 2-5-celled; 

 style 1 ; stigmas 2-5 ; ovules ascending or 

 horizontal ; placentas axile and parietal ; fruit 

 capsular or baccate. Chiefly occur in Austra- 

 lasia and Polynesia, also in Japan, China, 

 Africa, and the Madeiras. 



5. FAMILY. Vines (Vitaceae). Shrubs, climbing ; 

 wood with numerous dotted ducts ; abound 

 with sap at certain seasons ; lower leaves 

 opposite, upper alternate, stipulate or exsti- 

 pulate ; floral peduncles racemose ; flowers 

 small, green, in thyrses, umbels, or panicles ; 

 calyx small ; petals 4-5 ; aestivation valvate ; 

 stamens 4-5, opposite the petals ; anthers 

 versatile ; ovary 2 - 6-celled ; ovules anatro- 



