466 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



dant ; embryo straight. Distribution general. 

 Among the products are Snake-root (Senega) 

 and Rhatany-root (Kra/meria). (Krameria- 

 cece, Martius.) 



9. FAMILY. Pore- Forte (Tremandraceae). Shrubs; 

 slender, heath-like ; leaves alternate or ver- 

 ticillate, exstipulate ; pedicels 1 -flowered ; se- 

 pals 4-5, equal, deciduous, aestivation val- 

 vate ; petals 4-5 ; aestivation in volute ; stamens 

 8 -10 ; anthers 2-4-celled, dehiscence porous ; 

 ovary 2-celled ; ovules anatropal ; styles and 

 stigmas 1 -2 ; fruit capsular, 2-celled, 2-valved ; 

 embryo cylindrical; albumen fleshy. An 

 Australian family. 



XII. ORDER MALVALS (Malvales). 



Flowers monodichlamydeous ; calyx valvate ; 

 corolla imbricated or twisted ; stamens definite or 

 indefinite ; placentae axile ; albumen little or none. 



1. FAMILY. Linden-blooms (Tiliaceae). Trees or 



shrubs, rarely herbs ; leaves alternate, stipu- 

 late ; sepals and petals 4-5 ; stamens gene- 

 rally indefinite and distinct ; ovary of 2 - 10 

 carpels ; style one ; stigmas as many as the 

 carpels ; ovules anatropal ; fruit dry or pulpy, 

 often prickly ; embryo straight ; albumen 

 fleshy. Tropical plants. Russian mats are 

 made from the inner bark of the Linden-tree. 



2. FAMILY. Mallows (Malvaceae). Herbs, shrubs, 



or trees ; leaves alternate, stipulate ; hairs, if 

 present, stellate ; peduncles usually axillary ; 



