114 ENTOZOA FOUND IN MAN, 



nant animals, come under the former head, and the 

 carnivora, with the exception of the domestic cat, 

 may be included under the second. 



In man and in the domestic animals the entozoa 

 which live in a free state in the biliary dvicts belong 

 to the Trematoda, and also, almost exclusively, to the 

 genus Distomum ; there are also found in the biliary- 

 passages of the rabbit, and have been once observed 

 in a corresponding situation in man, by Gubler, 

 masses of oviform bodies, the origin of which is 

 unknown, but which bear a strong resemblance to the 

 ova of worms. 



The nematoidea which have been sometimes ob- 

 served in the gall-bladder and bile ducts are intestinal 

 worms which have wandered from their usual habitat ; 

 the hydatids of the liver may also accidentally get 

 into these ducts in consequence of a perforation of 

 their walls, which brings them into relation with the 

 hydatid cyst. The intestinal entozoa have been 

 already described. 



The cases of distoma which have been observed 

 in man are rare. 



Bucholz found a large number of these entozoa in 

 the gall-bladder of a prisoner, who had died of fever, 

 at Weimar. According to Rudolphi, who quotes this 

 case, with some others, the worms seen by Bucholz 

 belonged to the species Distomum lanceolatmn. 



More recently, the discovery of the distomum 

 hepaticum in several cases has been recorded by 

 various writers, including Mr. Busk and Mr. Partridge 

 in England. 



In Mr. Busk's case the distoma, fourteen in 

 number, and averaging from one and a-half to nearly 



