418 THOMAS THOMSEN 



The three specimens are: 



L. 3809-3810 (PI. XIII, 11 and 12) from Snenaes, house 406, 6'2 and 7'8 cm. 

 long and 3 and 3'1 cm. broad respectively. 



L. 3896 (Fig. 24) from the plain west of Hvalrosodden 1 , 6'3 cm. long and 

 3 cm. broad. 



There are in addition two miniature buckles, L. 40094010, from 

 winter houses at Rypefjeldet (PL XXV, 22 and 23). They are only 3 and 

 2'1 cm. long respectively; the larger of them has, 

 besides the usual two holes, a third hole in the 

 fore part of the groove and one hole drilled 

 from the fore end at right angles to this hole; 

 the line has probably been carried through the 

 hole in the fore end round through the two 



next holes and then back again, so that both the lines meet in the 

 hole at the fore end instead of, as is usual, in front of the buckle. 

 As far as I know, no real sledge buckle is of this construction ; it 

 is probable that these carefully made specimens have been used as 

 ornaments. 



Boats. 



The methods of transport by water constitute a subject of which 

 we have less knowledge than of any side of North-east Greenland 

 archaeology. We have a positive though not detailed statement of 

 the fact that the Eskimo in 74 1 h N. lat. had boats when CLAVERING 

 visited them in 1823. In the account of how one of the sailors, to 

 the great astonishment of the natives, shot a seal with a gun, it is 

 said that one of them was requested to fetch the dead animal, float- 

 ing on the water, in his boat. 2 To judge from the context, the boat 

 must have been a one-man boat, consequently a kayak. However, 

 parts of boats have not yet been found by any expedition, and, as 

 regards accessories, a defective paddle from Cape Borlace Warren 

 (74 18' N. lat.) 3 is the only object which has yet been published, 

 unless bird-darts, winged harpoons and throwing sticks, the pre- 

 sence of which implies the use of the kayak, are reckoned as ac- 

 cessories thereto. 



Consequently, as it has not hitherto been possible to form an 

 opinion on the appearance of the North-east Greenland kayak, the 

 small model, carved in wood (PI. XXV, 5), found on the camp- 

 ing ground of Syttenkilometernsesset, is of importance. The spec- 

 imen in question (L. 3243) is 11-5 cm. long and 1 cm. high in the 

 middle. It is but 5 6 mm. thick ; consequently, the model has been 



1 THOSTRCP, p. 291. s CLAVERING. p. 327. 3 Museum fur Volkerkunde, Berlin, 

 No. IV A 186; KOLDEWEY, p. 603; Fig. 12; compare p. 608. 



