In 



Footprints of the Mammoth, 

 or Elephant. 



the series of mammoth tracks, and 



bird tracks from the heel of the ninth to the marked near one of the large quadruped imprints 

 toe of the tenth animal track. These bird which Mr. Gibbes has referred to in his first 

 tracks will be referred to hereafter. description as "several confused tracks of a man 



This series, as heretofore described, is on the and some large animal" (page 2), but these latter 

 "upper floor," two feet above the "lower floor" bird tracks were in a short curved path and the 

 of the published diagrams, and on the same pace irregular. 



"upper floor" are the imprints of the mam- In those measured the step or pace was twenty 

 moth line. This series has no designating and one half inches, the length of the middle 

 number in the published diagram. toe four and one half inches, of the two side 



toes from tip to tip seven and one half inches, 

 and of the hind and thinner toe two and one 

 fourth inches. In this track the hind toe was 

 pointing inward, both for the left and right foot. 



think we may safely assume them to belong to The wader which made these tracks would be 

 some species of elephant, I selected a line of that of a good sized heron or crane. 

 ten for casts. These tracks are not of uniform 



depth on account of the partial destruction of Footprints of the Tiger. 



the different layers of mud through which the T 



animal's feet pressed. Those imprints farthest fl i use thls term provisionally. On the lower 

 away from the present face of the cliff are dis- * oor are several " of tracks, some of which 

 cernible through the lowest layer of mud; and are ver y obscure as to details of structure, but 

 they rested upon a subsurface ripple-marked a PP ar ently made :by a four- clawed animal. Our 

 stratum without obliterating or changing any }} mited time forbade us examining all of these 

 of the ripple marks. This substratum had, ! ! ne f . mm utely, but we traced four pairs of 

 therefore, been hardened before the animal doub . le . * of another animal, which we have 

 walked over it. As we approach the face of P ro onally designated a tiger, and of which 

 the cliff the imprints are more distinctly ex- i present a drawing. The animal was bounding 

 hibitedand we are able to measure the inside fromthe of the cliff towards the N. N. W., 

 diameter of the foot at right angles to the line and un /ortunately the surface of the stratum im- 

 of march at 21 or 22 inches. Between the P resse . d . has been badly scarred by rocks tumbled 

 fourth and fifth imprints, reckoning from the U P OI J it in quarrying. The first pair of tracks 

 last ones exposed in the drift or tunnel under 1! , Dsc ure ; the next three pairs very well 

 the cliff, there are footprints of the same marKe , .the marks of the nails in the extended 

 species of bird which has marked the sur- c j aws ? m g clea rly impressed, and the toe-pads 

 face in so many places. also - On the same horizon are the tracks of the 



The two last exposed mammoth footprints are same species of bird as already described, and 

 within and under the cliff, and although the al the famt impress of the so-called man. 

 I use the term provisionally; they may be- * latter are fairl y wel1 outlined by the fact 

 long to the peccary. Close under the cliff, near at there , has undergone, in the compressed 

 the series No. 1, we found a line of tracks made .^ . r mud > a cer tam oxidation of iron which 

 by an animal with a sharp pointed, broad heeled & vea } ts red color to the imprint. But one of 

 hoof. Whether this was a cloven hoof, we thes j latter . footprints is certainly duplicated at 

 could not decide, because the impressions were ; ne , eel as lf one foot had stepped nearly in the 

 made in quite soft mud into which the foot of track < another, and at the outer tiger tracks it 

 the animal must have sunk two or more inches, s ems> irom tne impression, that these were 

 and when retracted each hole was in a great mad after the impress of this so-called man 

 measure closed. The best two prints give the 

 length of the impression 2J inches, and the 



,. , 



L J ud & e b y the increased length of the suc- 



impression _ a . . 



breadth of the heel 2 inches. cessive strides, as well as by the extended 



We measured the relations of 10 of them and c ws > that . the animal was bounding. Beyond 



found the average straddle was 8 inches, and ! e last P air of tra cks the horizon is destroyed, 



the average longitudinal distance apart of the r-" 8 * 8 are tracks of an unknown animal a little 



consecutive imprints of the 5 of the left feet is to the n S ht . of the prolongation of these tracks; 



2 feet 9 inches; and of the right feet is 2 feet a PP ar ently it had four sharp pointed toes or 



7 inches. But the range of these distances is 7 claws - Beyond these indefinite ones occur two 



inches, and of the straddle over 4 inches. The P* 1 of tra cks which might be made by a 



pathway was not straight, nor was the mud J of these Mr. Gibbes has taken casts. 



quite uniform in stiffness. The footprints of . accompanying diagram is introduced to 



each side indicate that each hind foot exactly, l lu . st . rate the general character and relative 



or very nearly, covered each corresponding fore- P O81 "On of the tiger tracks, except as to direc- 

 tion, as the animal swerved somewhat to the 

 left. The left feet impressions are larger than 



foot. 



Footprints of a Large Bird. 



Of the numerous prints of a four-toed bird we 



those of the right, and at the third pair, either 



selected four for measurement because 



bird we the left foot slipped back or there was a dupli- 

 the line cation. I incline to the former explanation- 



was nearly straight and the distance nearly and it will be noticed that in the alternate 

 even. Other imprints were even more distinctly pairs the left foot is at a greater distance for- 



