PHYSICAL CHARACTERS IN MAN 103 



own metacarpal or metatarsal bone. All possible 

 intergrades are said to occur between these forms. 



Russian statistics are quoted of fourteen families 

 in w^hich the extra finger is inherited, also ten families 

 with six fingers and six toes, while Hennig in 1880 

 recorded Polydactyly in sevent3^-seven families. The 

 condition may extend through two to five or many 

 generations, and ten to forty h3^perdactylous in- 

 dividuals have been recorded in many families. 

 Polydactylous twins are twice recorded, and one 

 polydactylous twin sister had four normal sisters. 

 Reaumur's Maltese family is also quoted in detail 

 by Ballowitz. In two generations descended from 

 Gratio Kaleia, who had six fingers on each hand and 

 six toes on each foot, and his normal wife, there were 

 ten hexadactyls and six normals, but in the former 

 the abnormality did not always appear on all four 

 limbs. In the pedigree of Elizabeth Horstmann of 

 Rostock (Mecklenburg), who had six digits on all 

 four limbs, her daughter was like the mother, and 

 the next two generations from marriages with normals 

 gave seven hexadactyl to seven normal, in conformity 

 with expectation for a simple Mendelian dominant. 

 In another pedigree, Marie Schweizer of Fischbach, 

 three generations of descendants include eight hexa- 

 dactyl and ten normal. In yet another hexadactylous 

 pedigree (Alexander) there were in three generations 

 of descendants nine hexadactyls to ten normals. All 

 hexadactylous individuals in this pedigree showed 

 a striking symmetr}^ and in one male the condition 

 was combined with S3'ndactyly. In another pedigree, 

 quoted from Marchand, in which the condition ran 

 through five generations, a family of eight in the 

 fourth generation all had six fingers and six toes. 

 The father, who was hexadactylous, must have 

 been homozygous for the trait. The family of the 

 Sultan of Pontianak (Borneo) is hexadactylous, and 



