50 HEREDITY IN RELATION TO EUGENICS 



(whether vocal or instrumental) all the children are medium 

 to exceptionally good. 



There were 48 cases where both parents showed exceptional musical 

 ability. Of the 202 children 81 had exceptional ability and 120 fair musi- 

 cal ability. Only one is returned as being poor in music; and this case 

 may be cast aside as quite within the probabihty of an error due to care- 

 lessness in making the returns or to bad classification. These results come 

 out so smoothly as to indicate that high attainment in vocal and instru- 

 mental music are due to the same defect in the protoplasm. 



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is: 



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FiQ. 21. — Pedigree of singing ability and peculiar form of toes. I, 7. (X) 

 has bones of both fifth toes cartilaginous and toe crossed over upon fourth 

 toe; and her granddaughter III, 7, has exactly the same peculiarity; II, 12, has 

 an exceptionally good bass voice; his daughter III, 6, cannot sing; but III, 7, has 

 a beautiful soprano voice; III, 8, has an exceptionally good baiitone voice; 

 III, 9, has a ' beautiful contralto voice' and III, 10, has great musical ability. 

 On the other side of the house. III, 1, has good musical ability. But in the 

 fourth generation there is no musical ability. F. R.; Ait. 1. 



To illustrate inheritance of musical ability by a concrete 

 example the pedigree of a noted New England singer is ap- 

 pended (Fig. 20). This particular example alone could not 

 be used to demonstrate either the hypothesis that musical 

 ability is due to a new unit or that it is due to a defect. 



When both parents are poor in musical abihty and come of 

 ancestry that lacks on one or both sides such ability the 

 children will all be non-musical. 



Four families of this sort are given in the Records. All 29 children are 

 poor in music. Compare Fig. 21. 



