156 HEREDITY IN RELATION TO EUGENICS 



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Fig. 133. — Pedigree of the Sullivan Co., Pa., bleeders. Roman numerals 

 at top of columns indicate generations. Of the two symbols connected by a 

 horizontal line that at the left is the direct descendant, that at the right the 

 consort; the bracket includes their children. Only males are bleeders, and 

 bleeding children are derived always from non-bleeding females of the family. 

 Pardoe, 1904. 



fected. No male of the family, whether affected or not has 

 affected offspring so long as he marries outside of the family. 

 Hence, all "bleeding" children are derived from the females 

 of the family. 



Fig. 134 gives the pedigree of the family Mampel from 

 Kirchheim near Heidelberg (Lossen, 1905), and Fig. 135 is 

 the pedigree of a family that settled in Carroll Co., Maryland, 



