liUTASlCAL Th'UMS. 



X\ 



Kinds of Fruit. 



A. — Duv Fruits : tliose whose pericarp remains thin, and 

 becomes dry and hard at maturity. Such fruits are 



(1) Dehiscent, when the pericarp oi:)ens so as to allow 

 the seeds to escape. 



(2) Indehiscent, \\\\v\\ ilie pericarp does not so open. 



Dry Dehiscent Fruits. 



(a) Follicle, a fruit of a single carpel, which ojiens 

 down one edge only, as in Marsh-Marigold and Peonj' 

 (Fig. 175). 



(b) Lerjicme, a fruit of a single carpel, which oiK'ns 

 down botli edges (dorsal or outer and ventral or inner 

 sutiires), as in Pea and Bean (Fig. 176). 



The Lament is a special iovm of legume. It is 

 made up of a number of one-.seeded joints which 

 separate from each other when ripe ; each joint, as 

 a rule, remaining closed (Fig. 177). 



(c) Silique, a syncarpous fruit of two carpels divided 

 by a thin partition, from which the carpels fall away 

 when ripe, leaving the placentas and seeds around the 

 edge of the partition (Fig. 178). 



(d) Silicic, a fruit of the same construction as the 

 silique, and differing only in shape; the silique IxMiig 

 consideraljly longer than broad, as in Stock (Fig. 17S), 

 and the silicle being nearly or quite as broad as long, as 

 in Shepherd's Purse (Figs. 179, 180). 



(e) Pyxis, a fruit which opens by a horizontal seam, 

 so that the top comes off like a lid, as in Purslane (Fig. 

 181). 



(f) Capsule, a syncarpous fruit which normally splits 

 at maturity, either wholly or partially, into as many 

 pieces as there are carpels. 



The Dehiscence of the Capsule is 

 Septicidal : when the splitting takes place in the line of 

 the dissepiments (Fig. 182). 



Fi»r. 17.^. 



Fijr. 176. 



/■' 



Fij,'. 177. 



Fig. 17ft. 



# 



KIk. 17:». 



Kijr. 1«>. Fifi. i"! 



Flgr. iw. 



