100 POLTGONACEAE (BUCKWHEAT FAMILY) 



color, their peduncles rough-hairy and often glandular, growing in 

 dense spikes, one to four inches long ; calyx five-lobed ; stamens 

 five, exserted; style two-cleft to about half its length, exserted. 

 Achenes lens-shaped, black, and shining. 



Means of control 



Cutting and many times cutting, close to the ground, for the 

 purpose of depriving the rootstocks of all food assimilated by the 

 leaves and preventing seed production. Small areas should be 

 grubbed out. 



PENNSYLVANIA SMARTWEED 

 Polygonum pennsylvdnicum, L. 



Other English names: Glandular Persicary, Purplehead. 

 Native. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 

 Time of bloom : July to October. 



Seed-time: August to November. 

 Range: Eastern Canada and 

 United States to Minnesota, 

 southward to the Gulf of Mexico. 

 Habitat : Moist soil ; damp grass 

 lands, waste places, and along 

 streams and ditches. 



A pest of lowland clover fields, 

 as it ripens its earlier seeds about 

 the time of clover cutting. Stems 

 two to five feet tall, somewhat 

 hard and woody when old, and of 

 rather branching and sprawling 

 habit, the lower part smooth but 

 the topmost leaves and the flower- 

 stalks set with gland-tipped hairs. 

 Leaves two to ten inches long, 

 lance-shaped, with short petioles; 

 sheathing stipules smooth and thin. 

 Flowers in short, crowded, erect 

 spikes, cylindric, often blunt at 



FIG. 59. -Pennsylvania Persicary the end > dee P P ink ; thev are fre ~ 

 (Polygonum pennsylvanicum) . x J. quently affected with a smut or 



