VAPRIFOLIACEAE (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY) 401 



Means of control 



Mow infested meadows before the development of seed ; enrich 

 the soil for the encouragement of the clover, aiding it to crowd out 

 the intruder. As soon as the crop is removed from corn and potato 

 ground, sow with winter annuals. Follow grain with a crop re- 

 quiring frequent and late-continued hoe-culture. 



HORSE GENTIAN 

 Tridsteum perfoliatum, L. 



Other English names : Feverwort, Wild 



Ipecac, Wild C9ffee, Tinker's Weed. 



Native. Perennial. Propagates by 



Time of bloom: May to June. 



Seed-time: August to October. 



Range: Massachusetts to Minnesota 

 and Nebraska, southward to Ala- 

 bama and Kansas. 



Habitat : Rich soil ; borders of fields, 

 thickets, open woods. 



A plant formerly in high esteem for 

 its medicinal qualities, but now merely 

 a weed. Stem two to four feet tall, 

 erect, simple, softly hairy, and some- 

 what viscid. Leaves three to eight 

 inches in length, opposite, joined at 

 the base, ovate, pointed, entire, softly 

 hairv, tapering to margined, connate F /\ 280. Horse Gentian 



*r I 171 -11 -i (Tnosteum perfohatum) . X i. 



petioles. r lowers axillary, sessile, 



single or clustered, brownish purple ; corolla tubular, more than 

 a half -inch long, with five unequal lobes, five stamens inserted 

 on the tube, with bearded filaments and included anthers ; style 

 usually three-parted ; calyx-lobes very narrow, long-pointed, per- 

 sistent. Ovary three-celled, the fruit an orange-red drupe, nearly 

 a half-inch long, containing three bony nutlets. (Fig. 280.) 



Means of control 



Close cutting below the crown before any fruits mature. 

 2o 



