450 



COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



while on each side of it springs 

 a stalk, taller than itself, bear- 

 ing a leaf -cup, which in turn 

 will have a central head and 

 two more cup-bearing stalks ; 

 these will fork again, and yet 

 again, the series being some- 

 times "four stories high," as 

 an observant child remarked. 

 Each head resembles a small 

 sunflower, two or three inches 

 broad, with twenty to thirty 

 narrow, yellow rays, pistillate 

 and fertile; the disk-florets 

 are sterile; involucral bracts 

 in triple rows, broadly ovate, 

 and conspicuous. Achenes en- 

 circle the outer edge of the 

 head, as only the rays form 

 fruit; they are oval, broad, 

 brown, flat, notched at apex, 

 winged on each side, with a 



? a PP US Of tW aWn - Hke teeth " 



The same methods of exter- 

 mination should be used as for the Compass Plant. (Fig. 313.) 



ROUGH MARSH ELDER 

 Iva cilidta, Willd. 



Native. Annual. Propagates by seed. 



Time of bloom : August to October. 



Seed-time: September to November. 



Range: Illinois to Nebraska, and southward to Louisiana, Texas, 



and New Mexico. 

 Habitat : Meadows and fields, sides of streams, and waste places. 



A coarse, unsightly weed, bristly with rough hairs, two to seven 

 feet in height, the erect stem usually simple but sometimes branched 

 and often mottled with different shades of green. Leaves opposite, 



