524 



COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



FIG. 360. Nipplewort 

 (Lapsana communis). 

 Xi 



Nipplewort is nearly related to Chicory, 

 and, like that plant, is used as a salad in 

 its European home, though not grown 

 for the purpose but instead considered a 

 troublesome weed in cultivated fields. 

 (Fig. 360.) 



Stem one to four feet high, slender, and 

 much branched, smooth above but bristly- 

 hairy near the base, all parts of the plant 

 containing a somewhat bitter, milky 

 juice. Lower leaves usually lyrate, the 

 terminal segment being very large with 

 shallow-toothed or wavy edge, but the 

 lateral lobes very small, often mere 

 pointed wings to the petiole; upper 

 leaves sessile and few, usually entire. 

 Heads very numerous, few-flowered, each 

 about a quarter-inch broad, composed 

 all of perfect and fertile golden yellow 

 ray florets, growing in loosely branched 

 clusters on very slender pedicels ; invo- 

 lucre cylindric, formed of a row of smooth 

 linear bracts surrounded at base by a 

 very few short outer ones. Achenes very 

 small, pale brown, and without a pappus. 



Means of control 



Prevent seed production by cutting closely as soon as the first 

 flowers appear and repeating the treatment as the plants recover 

 and form new buds. 



LAMB SUCCORY 

 Arndseris minima, Dumort 



Other English names : Hog's Succory, Dwarf Nipplewort. 



Introduced. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 



Time of bloom: June to August. 



Seed-time: July to September. 



Range: Maine, Ohio, Michigan. 



Habitat: Fields, waste places. 



