VERTEBRATA : MAMMALIA. 



715 



brow-tyne again bifurcated, and both divisions approximately equal, as in 

 the Rucervus Schomburgki of Siam (fig. 410, B). In a modification of this 

 type, the royal tyne is reduced in size (fig. 410, C), and the tres-tyne is 

 large ; while in a still more extreme type, the royal tyne is reduced to a 

 mere snag. 



(C.) Elaphine type. Brow-tyne reduplicated (by the presence of a "bez- 

 tyne ") ; the royal tyne large and divided. This type occurs in the Red 



Fig. 410. A, Antler of the "Rusine" type (Sambur Deer); B, Antler of the " Ru- 

 cervine " type (Rucervrts Schomburgki)\ C, Modified Rucervine type of Antler 

 (Rucervus Duvaucelli) in which the "royal" tyne is reduced in size ; D, Antler of 

 the "Capreoline" type (Capreolus caprced); E, Antler of the Muntjak (Cervus 

 muntjak); F, Antler of the Red-deer (Cervus elaphus) of the second year ; G, Antler 

 of the full-grown Red-deer, showing the "elaphine" type. 



Deer (Cervus elaphtu, fig. 410, F and G). In the " sub-elaphine " type 

 (as in the Cervus sika of Japan), the brow-tyne is simple. 



(D.) Capreoline type. The beam dividing into a short anterior and a 

 longer posterior branch, the latter, when fully developed, again bifurcated 

 at its extremity (fig. 410, D). This type of antler occurs in the Roebuck 

 (Capreolus capraa). 



(E.) Type of the Muntjak. Antler supported upon an osseous pedicle 

 arising from the frontal bone; a short brow-tyne; the beam undivided. 

 Occurs only in the Muntjak (Cervus muntjak}. 



The Cervidcz are very generally distributed, but no member 

 of the group has hitherto been discovered in either Australia 

 or South Africa, their place in the latter continent seeming to 

 be taken by the nearly-allied Antelopes (distinguished by their 



