718 MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY. 



ages are very different to the " antlers " of the Cervida. The 

 horns, namely, are persistent, instead of being deciduous, and 

 each consists of a bony process of the frontal bone or " horn- 

 core" covered by a sheath of horn (fig. 411). In the Prong- 

 buck (Antilocapra\ however, the sheath of the horn is shed 

 annually. The feet are cleft, but are mostly furnished with 

 accessory hoofs placed on the back of the foot. 



Fig. 411. Skull of the Cape Buffalo (Bubalus coffer), viewed from above, showing 

 the horn-cores. (After Cuvier.) 



The Cavicornia comprise the three families of the AntiZopidce, 

 Ovidce, and Bovida. The Antelopes form an extremely large 

 section, with very many species. They are characterised by 

 their slender deer-like form, their long and slender legs, and 

 their simple cylindrical annulated or twisted horns, which are 

 sometimes confined to the males, but often occur in the females 

 as well (fig. 412). Accessory hoofs are generally, but not 

 always, present. The Antelopes must on no account be con- 

 founded with the true Deer, to which they present many points 

 of similarity. The structure of the horns, however, is quite 

 sufficient to distinguish them. The Antelopes are further dis- 

 tinguished by rarely having a beard or dew-lap, and by the 

 general possession of " inguinal pores" and'" lachrymal sinuses." 

 The inguinal pores are the apertures of two involutions of the 

 integument of the groin,, secreting a viscous substance, the use 



