VERTEBRATA: MAMMALIA. 



729 



cisors, and both are tusk - like. The nose is prolonged into a 

 cylindrical trunk, movable in every direction, highly sensitive, 

 and terminating in a finger-like prehensile lobe (fig. 417). The 

 nostrils are placed at the extremity of the proboscis. The feet 



^ 



Fig. 417. Skull of the Indian Elephant (Elephas Indicus) : i Tusk-like upper incisors ; 

 m Lower jaw, with molars, but without incisors ; n Nostrils, placed at the end of the 

 proboscis. (After Owen.) 



are furnished with five toes each (fig. 419), but some of those 

 toes may not be provided with hoofs. The feet are furnished 

 with a thick pad of integument, forming the palms of the 

 hands and the soles of the feet. There are no clavicles. The 

 testes are abdominal throughout life. There are two teats, 

 and these are placed upon the chest. The placenta is deciduate 

 and zonary. 



The recent Elephants are exclusively confined to the tropical 

 regions of the Old World, in the forests of which they live 

 in herds. Only two living species are known the Asiatic 

 Elephant (Elephas Indicus} and the African Elephant (E. Afri- 

 canus). There can be no doubt, however, but that the Mam- 

 moth (Elephas primigenius) existed in Europe within the human 

 period. 



