7/8 MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY. 



sometimes absent. Cheek-pouches* are often present, and the 

 skin covering the tubera ischii is mostly callous and destitute 

 of hair, constituting the so-called " natal callosities." With 

 the single exception of a Monkey which inhabits the Rock of 

 Gibraltar, all the Catarhina, as before remarked, are natives 

 of Africa and Asia. 



There are three well-marked groups or tribes of the Cata- 

 rhine Monkeys. In the first of these the tail is long, and there 

 are generally both cheek-pouches and natal callosities. In this 

 tribe is the genus Semnopithecus, in which cheek-pouches are 

 absent, the hind-limbs are long, and the thumb is small, and 

 all the species of which are natives of Asia and the Indian 

 Archipelago. One of the best-known species is the Sacred 

 Monkey of the Hindoos (Semnopithecus entellus). Closely 

 allied to the Semnopithed is the genus Colobus of Africa, in 

 which cheek-pouches are also absent, and in which, alone of 

 all the Catarhine Monkeys, the pollex is either altogether 

 absent or totally rudimentary. Closely allied to Semnopithecus 

 also, is the Proboscis Monkey or Kahau (Presbytis nasatis), 

 distinguished by its elongated proboscidiform nose, short 

 pollex, and long tail. It is a native of Borneo. Here also 

 come the little Gueno.ns (Cercocebus and Cercopithecus, fig. 449), 

 all of which are confined to Africa. Also referable to this 

 division is the genus Macacus or Inuus (comprising the Ma- 

 caques), which includes most of the Monkeys which are ordi- 

 narily brought to this country. It is a Macaque which occurs 

 at the Rock of Gibraltar, and is the only wild Monkey which 

 is found in Europe at the present day. Most of the Macaques 

 are Asiatic, and. a good example is the Wanderoo (M. Silenus) 

 of India. All the Macaques have cheek-pouches and callosi- 

 ties, and the tail is sometimes long, sometimes rudimentary, 

 and sometimes wanting. 



The second tribe of the Catarhine Monkeys is that of the 

 Baboons (Cynocephalus). In these forms the tail is mostly 

 short, and is often quite rudimentary. The head is large, and 

 the muzzle (fig. 452) is greatly prolonged, having the nostrils 

 at its extremity. The facial angle is about 30, and the whole 

 head has much the aspect of that of a large dog. The natal 

 callosities are generally large and conspicuous, and usually of 

 some bright colour. The Baboons are large strong animals, 

 extremely unattractive in outward appearance, and of great 

 ferocity. The fore and hind limbs are nearly of equal length, 

 and, more than any other of the Monkeys, they employ the 



* The cheek-pouches are sacs or cavities in the cheeks, which open into 

 the mouth and serve to hold any superfluous food. 



