GLOSSARY. 791 



BRANCHIA (Gr. bragchia, the gill of a fish). A respiratory organ adapted to 



breathe air dissolved in water. 

 BRANCHIATE. Possessing gills or branchiae. 

 BRANCHIFERA (Gr. bragchia, gill ; and phero, I carry}. A division of Gastero- 



podous Molluscs, in which the respiration is aquatic, and the respiratory 



organs are mostly in the form of distinct gills. 

 BRANCHIO-GASTEROPODA ( = Branchifera). 

 BRANCHIOPODA (Gr. bragchia : and penis, foot). A legion of Crustacea, in 



which the gills are supported by the feet. 

 BRANCHIOSTEGAL (Gr. 'bragchia, gills ; stego, I cover). Applied to a membrane 



and rays by which the gills are protected in many fishes. 

 BREVILINGUIA (Lat. brevis, short ; lingua, tongue). A division of the Lacer- 



tilia. 



BREVIPENNAT.E (Lat. brevis, short ; penna, a wing). A group of the Natato- 

 rial Birds. 

 BRONCHI (Gr. brogchos, the windpipe). The branches of the windpipe 



(trachea), by which the air is conveyed to the vesicles of the lung. 

 BRONTOTHERID^E (Gr. Brontes, the name of a giant ; therion, beast). An 



extinct order of Tertiary Mammals. 

 BRUTA (Lat. brutus, heavy, stupid). Often used to designate the Mammalian 



order of the Edentata. 

 BRYOZOA (Gr. bruon, moss ; zoon, animal). A synonym of Polyzoa, a class of 



the Molluscoida. 



BUCCAL (Lat. bucca, mouth or cheeks). Connected with the mouth. 

 BURSIFORM (Lat. bursa, a purse ; forma, shape). Shaped like a purse ; sub- 

 spherical. 



BYSSIFEROUS. Producing a byssus. 

 BYSSUS (Gr. bussos, flax). A term applied to the silky filaments by which the 



Pinna, the common Mussel, and certain other bivalve Mollusca, attach 



themselves to foreign objects. 



CADUCIBRANCHIATE (Lat. caducus, falling off ; Gr. bragchia, gill). Applied to 



those Amphibians in which the gills fall off before maturity is reached. 

 CADUCOUS. Applied to parts which fall off or are shed during the life of the 



animal. 



C^CAL (Lat. ccecus, blind). Terminating blindly, or in a closed extremity. 

 CAECUM (Lat. ccecus). A tube which terminates blindly. 

 OESPITOSE (Lat. ccespes, a turf). Tufted. 

 CAINOZOIC. (See Kainozoic.) 

 CALCAR (Lat. a spur). Applied to the "spurs" of Easorial Birds; and also 



to the rudiments of the hind-limbs in certain snakes. 

 CALCAREOUS (Lat. calx, lime). Composed of carbonate of lime. 

 CALICE. The little cup in which the polype of a coralligenous Zoophyte 



(Aciinozoon) is contained. 

 CALYCOPHORID.E (Gr. kalux, a cup ; and phero, I carry). An order of the 



Oceanic Hydrozoa, so called from their possessing bell-shaped swimming 



organs (nectocalyces). 

 CALYPTOBLASTIC (Gr. kaluptos, covered ; and blastos, a bud). Applied by 



Prof. Allman to those Hydrozoa in which the nutritive .or generative buds 



are provided with an external protective receptacle. 

 CALYX (Lat. calyx, a cup). Applied to the cup-shaped body of Vorticella 



(Protozoa), or of a Crinoid (Echinodermata). 



CAMPANULARIDA (Lat. campanula, a bell). An order of Hydroid Zoophytes. 

 CANINE (Lat. cards, a dog). The eye-tooth of Mammals, or the tooth which 



is placed at or close to the praemaxillary suture in the upper jaw, and the 



corresponding tooth in the lower jaw. 

 CAPITULUM (Lat. dim. of caput, head). Applied to the body of a Barnacle 



(Lepadidce), from its being supported upon a stalk or peduncle. 

 CARAPACE. A protective shield. Applied to the upper shell of Crabs, Lob- 

 sters, and many other Crustacea ; also to the case with which certain of the 



Infusoria are provided. Also the upper half of the immovable case in which 



the body of a Chelonian is protected. 



