GLOSSARY. 793 



CHITINE (Gr. chiton, a coat). The peculiar chemical principle, nearly allied to 

 horn, which forms the exoskeleton in many Invertebrate animals, especially 

 in the Arthropoda (Crustacea, Insecta, &c.). 



CHLOROPHYLL (Gr. chloros, green; andphullon, a leaf). The green colouring 

 matter of plants. 



CHROMATOPHORES (Gr. chroma, complexion, or colour ; and phero, I carry). 

 Little sacs which contain pigment-granules, and are found in the integument 

 of Cuttle-fishes and other animals. 



CHRYSALIS (Gr. chrusos, gold). The motionless pupa of butterflies and moths, 

 so called because sometimes exhibiting a golden lustre. 



CHYLAQUEOUS FLUID. A fluid consisting partly of water derived from the ex- 

 terior, and partly of the products of digestion (chyle), occupying the body- 

 cavity or perivisceral space in many Invertebrates (Annelids, Echinoderms, 

 &c.), and sometimes having a special canal-system for its conduction (chly- 

 aqueous canals). 



CHYLE (Gr. chulos, juice). The milky fluid which is the result of the action of 

 the various digestive fluids upon the food. 



CHYLIFIC (Gr. chulos, juice [chyle] ; and Lat./aa'o, I make). Producing chyle. 

 Applied to one of the stomachs, when more than one is present. The word 

 is of mongrel origin ; and " chylopoietic " is more correct. 



CHYME (Gr. chumos, juice). The acid pasty fluid produced by the action of the 

 gastric juice upon the food. 



CHYME-MASS. The central, semi-fluid sarcode in the interior of an Infusorian. 



CILIA (Lat. cilium, an eyelash). Microscopic, hair-like filaments, which have 

 the power of lashing backwards and forwards, thus creating currents in the 

 surrounding or contiguous fluid, or subserving locomotion in the animal 

 which possesses them. 



CILIOGRADA (Lat. cilium ; and gradior, I walk). Synonymous with Ctenophora, 

 an order of Actinozoa. 



CINCLIDES (Gr. kigklis, a lattice). Special apertures in the column walls of 

 some Sea-anemones (Actinidw), which probably serve for the emission of the 

 cord-like " craspeda." 



CIRRI (Lat. cirrus, a curl). Tendril-like appendages, such as the feet of Bar- 

 nacles, and Acorn-shells (Cirripedes) , the lateral processes on the arms of 

 Brachiopoda, &c. 



CIRRIFEROUS or CIRRIGEROUS. Carrying cirri. 



CIRRIPEDIA, CIRRHIPEDIA, or CiRRHOPODA (Lat. cirrus, a curl ; and pes, a 

 foot). A sub-class of Crustacea with curled jointed feet. 



CIRROSTOMI (Lat. cirrus, a tendril ; Gr. stoma, mouth). Sometimes used to 

 designate the Pharyngobranchii. 



CLADOCERA (Gr. klados, a branch; keras, a horn). An order of Crustacea 

 with branched antennae. 



CLAVATE (Lat. clavus, a club). Club-shaped. 



CLAVICLE (Lat. clavicula, a little key). The "collar-bone," forming one of 

 the elements of the pectoral arch of Vertebrates. 



CLOACA (Lat. a sink). The cavity into which the intestinal canal and the 

 ducts of the generative and urinary organs open in common, in some In- 

 vertebrates (e.g., in Insects), and also in many Vertebrate animals. 



CLYPEIFORM (Lat. clypeus, a shield; and/orma, shaped). Shield-shaped; ap- 

 plied, for example, to the carapace of the King-crab. 



CNID^I (Gr. knide, a nettle). The urticating cells or " thread-cells" whereby 

 many Coslenterate animals obtain their power of stinging. 



COCCOLITHS (Gr. kokkos, a berry ; lithos, stone). Minute oval or rounded 

 bodies, which are found .either free or attached to the surface of cocco- 

 spheres, and which are probably of vegetable origin. 



COCCOSPHERES (Gr. kokkos ; and sphaira, a sphere). Spherical masses of sar- 

 code, enclosed in a delicate calcareous envelope, and bearing coccoliths upon 

 their external surface. 



COCCYGEAL. Connected with the coccyx. 



COCCYX (Gr. kokkux, a cuckoo). The terminal portion of the spinal column 

 in man, so called from its resemblance to a cuckoo's beak. 



