794 GLOSSARY. 



COCOON (French, cocon, the cocoon of the silk -worm; connected with Fr. 

 coque, shell, which is derived from the Lat. concha). The oxiter covering of 

 silky hairs with which the pupa or chrysalis of many insects is protected. 

 The chitinous capsules in which Leeches and Earth-worms deposit their 

 eggs. The silken cases which Spiders weave for their eggs. 



CODONOSTOMA (Gr. kodon, a bell; stoma, mouth). The aperture or mouth of 

 the disc (nectocalyx) of a Medusa, or of the bell (gonocalyx) of a medusi- 

 form gonophore. 



CCELENTERATA (Gr. koilos, hollow ; enteron, the bowel). The sub-kingdom 

 which comprises the Hydrozoa and Actinozoa. Proposed by Frey and 

 Leuckart in place of the old term Radiata, which included other animals 

 as well. 



CCENENCHYMA (Gr. koinos, common ; encJiuma, tissue ; literally, an infusion). 

 The common calcareous tissue which unites together the various corallites 

 of a compound corallum. 



COBNCECIUM (Gr. koinos, common; oikos, house). The entire dermal system 

 of any Polyzob'n; employed in place of the terms polyzoary or polypidom. 



COJNOSARO (Gr. koinos, common ] sarx, flesh). The common organised me- 

 dium by which the separate polypites of a compound Hydrozob'n are con- 

 nected together. 



COLEOPTERA (Gr. koleos, a sheath; pteron, wing). The order of Insects 

 (Beetles) in which the anterior pair of wings are hardened, and serve as 

 protective cases for the posterior pair of membranous wings. 



COLLEMBOLA (Gr. kolla, glue; embolos, a sharp beak or pointed projection). 

 An order of Apterous insects furnished with an adhesive ventral process. 



COLUBRINA (Lat. coluber, a snake). A division of the Ophidia. 



COLUMBAOEI (Lat. columba, a dove). The division of Easorial Birds compris- 

 ing the Doves and Pigeons. 



COLUMELLA (Lat. dim. of columna, a column). In Conchology, the central 

 axis round which the whorls of a spiral univalve are wound. Amongst the 

 Actinozoa, it is the central axis or pillar which is found in the centre of the 

 visceral chamber of many corals. 



COLUMN. Applied to the cylindrical body of a Sea-anemone (Actinia) ; also 

 to the jointed stem or peduncle of the stalked Crinoids. 



COMMENSAL (Lat. cum, with ; mensa, table). Living at the same table with, 

 a messmate : Applied to animals which live on or in other animals for part 

 or the whole of their life, simply sharing the food of their host, without 

 . being parasitic on him. 



COMMISSUBAL (Lat. committo, I solder together). Connecting together : 

 usually applied to the nerve-fibres which unite different ganglia. 



CONCHA (Lat. a shell). The external ear by which sounds are collected and 

 transmitted to the internal ear. 



CONCHIFERA (Lat. concha, a shell ; fero, I carry). Shell-fish. Applied in a 

 restricted sense to the bivalve Molluscs, and used as a synonym for Lamelli- 

 branchiata. 



CONDYLE (Gr. kondulos, a knuckle). The surface by which one bone articu- 

 lates with another. Applied especially to the articular surface or surfaces 

 by which the skull articulates with the vertebral column. 



CONIROSTRES (Lat. conus, a cone ; rostrum, a beak). The division of Perching 

 Birds with conical beaks. 



COPEPODA (Gr. kope, an oar ; podes, feet). An order of Crustacea. 



CORACOID (Gr. korax, a crow ; eidos, form). A separate bone which enters 

 into the composition of the pectoral arch in Birds, Keptiles, and Mono- 

 tremes. In most Mammals it is a mere process of the scapula, having, in 

 man, some resemblance in shape to the beak of a crow. 



CORALLIGENOUS. Producing a corallum. 



CORALLITE. The corallum secreted by an Actinozoon which consists of a 

 single polype ; or the portion of a composite corallum which belongs to, and 

 is secreted by, an individual polype. 



CORALLUM (from the Latin for red coral). The hard structures deposited in, 

 or by, the tissues of an Actinozoon commonly called a "coral. 



CORIACEOUS (Lat. corium, hide). Leathery. 



