76 A MANUAL ON THE HOG. 



"The tendinous cords of the left ventricle are few in 

 number, large, and ill-defined. 



" The aorta (great artery) of the pig separates almost im- 

 mediately after its commencement into two trunks, the 

 smaller of which leads forwards and gives forth those arte- 

 ries which, in other animals, arise from the cross of this 

 artery ; and the other, which is larger in diameter, inclines 

 backwards. These are usually termed the anterior and 

 posterior aorta. 



" The beating of the heart may be felt on the left side, 

 whence, also, the pulse may be taken, or from the femoral 

 artery, which crosses the inside of the thigh in an oblique 

 direction. In swine, in a state of health, the pulsations are 

 from seventy to eighty in a minute." 



We still quote from Youatt : 



THE GULLET. 



"The gullet, or asophagus, is a muscular- membranous 

 tube, commencing at the pharynx, passing down the 

 throat on the left side of the windpipe, entering the chest 

 in company with that tube, penetrating through the fold 

 of the diaphragm, and terminating in the stomach 

 through an orifice termed the cardia" 



THE SMOMACH. 



"The stomach of the hog is a much more simple appar- 

 atus than that of the ox or sheep; it is a truly omnivor- 

 ous one, and beautifully adapted by its pyramidal appen- 

 dage and glandular structure, as well as by the villous, 

 mucous membrane with which it is lined, for the digestion 

 of the hetorogemous food which it is destined to receive, 

 being, perhaps, more analagous to that of the horse, than 

 to any other animal. In form it is globulous. 



"The stomach has three coats the outermost, or peri- 

 toneum, which constitutes the common covering of all the 

 intestines ; the muscular or fibrous coat, which acts upon, 

 and mingles the food, and prepares it for digestion ; and 

 the mucous or villous coat, which is peculiarly developed 



