II THE GARDEN IN ENGLAND 43 



and the orchard, but they were practically laid 

 out on the same lines. He further separates 

 the kitchen garden from the garden of pleasure, 

 and subdivides the latter into two parts : ( i ) 

 The nosegay garden, to be planted with violets, 

 gillyflowers, marigolds, lilies and dafl^odils, and 

 *' such strange flowers as hyacinths, dulippos, 

 narcissus, and the like " ; (2) the garden of 

 herbs, set with southern-wood, rosemary, hyssop, 

 lavender, basil, rue, tansy, all-good, marierome, 

 pennyroyal, and mint. The garden, like the 

 orchard, might either be laid out as a single 

 square, subdivided by cross paths into four 

 quarters, or as a series of squares, two, or three, 

 or more, on difl^erent levels. In the latter case 

 each square was to be raised 8 feet or so (he 

 also says seven or eight steps) above the lower 

 level, and to be reached by " convenient staires 

 of state"; over this ascent *' there might be 

 built some curious and artificiall banqueting- 

 house." A broad path would run round each 

 square, with paths of the same width forming 

 the four quarters, and in the centre might be 

 placed " either a conduit of some anticke 

 fashion, a standard of some unusuall devise, 

 or else some Dyall or other Pyramid thet may 

 grace and beautifie the garden." Both garden 

 and orchard were to be surrounded with a 

 stone or brick wall, if possible, or failing that, 

 " a high strong pale, or a great ditch with quick- 

 set hedge." All the quarters to the squares 



