54 THE FORMAL GARDEN IN ENGLAND m 



is the extreme simplicity of their arrange- 

 ment. However rich the details, there is 

 no difficulty in grasping the principle of a 

 garden laid out in an equal number of 

 rectangular plots. Everything is straightfor- 

 ward and logical ; you are not bored with 

 hopeless attempts to master the bearings of the 

 garden. The old gardens at Wilton, designed 

 by Isaac de Caux, were laid out in three 

 divisions, each divided into two by a broad 

 path running down the centre, with cross paths 

 running to the outer walks. Isaac de Caux, or 

 Caus, was a German architect, resident in 

 England in the early part of the seventeenth 

 century, and in the employment of the Court. 

 He laid out the gardens at Wilton for the 

 Earl of Pembroke, and published a series 

 of twenty-six copper-plates to illustrate these 

 gardens in detail, with the following descrip- 

 tion : — 



"This Garden, within the enclosure of the new wall' is 

 a thowsand foote long and about Fourc hundred in 

 breadthe divided in its length into three long squares or 

 parallelograms, the first of which divisions next the build- 

 ing, heth ffoure Platts, embroydered ; in the midst of 

 which are ffoure fountaynes with statues of marble in their 

 midle, and on the sides of those Flatts are the Platts of 

 fflowers, and beyond them is the little Terrass rased for the 

 more advantage of beholding those Platts, this for the first 

 division. In the second are two Groves or woods all with 

 divers walkes, and through those Groves passeth the river 

 Nader having of breadth in this place 44 foote upon which 

 is built the bridge of the breadth of the greate walke. In 



