CHAPTER IV 



THE END OF THE FORMAL GARDEN AND THE 

 LANDSCAPE SCHOOL 



When William and Mary began their reign 

 gardening was already the fashionable hobby. 

 Charles II. had patronised it in his casual 

 manner : he began the great semicircle at 

 Hampton Court and the gardens and park of 

 St. James ; and for fifty years we find a succession 

 of famous gardeners. Rose, who had studied 

 under Le Notre, was gardener to Charles II. ; 

 London was pupil to Rose, and Switzer pupil 

 or servant to London and Wise. The great 

 nursery at Brompton, which, in the following 

 century, was estimated to contain plants to the 

 value of j^30,ooo to ^40,000, was founded by 

 a company of these men — London, gardener to 



