114 THE FORMAL GARDEN IN ENGLAND v 



built for Hatton in 1583 : " Above all is especi- 

 ally to be noted with what industry and toyle of 

 man the garden hath been raised, levelled, and 

 formed out of a most craggye and unprofitable 

 piece of ground, now framed a most pleasant, 

 sweete, and princely place." The gardens of 

 Haddon Hall are well known. They are laid out 

 in four main levels ; at the top is a raised walk 

 70 paces long by 15 wide, planted with a double 

 row of lime-trees. About 10 feet below this is 

 the yew-tree terrace, divided into three plots, 

 about 15 yards square, surrounded by stone 

 curbs, with yew-trees in each angle. These 

 were once clipped, but are now grown into 

 great trees overshadowing the entire terrace. 

 Dorothy Vernon's stairs descend on to this 

 yew-tree terrace. A flight of twenty-six steps 

 led from this terrace to a lower garden about 

 40 yards square, divided into two grass plots. 

 A walk from this garden skirted round two 

 sides of a second garden laid out in three 

 levels, and reached the postern door in the outer 

 garden-wall by seventy-one steps laid out in 

 seven consecutive flights. The original gardens 

 at Chatsworth were laid out as a succession of 

 terrace gardens, but the greater part of this 

 was destroyed by Paxton. "Queen Mary's 

 Bower," at Chatsworth, is a curious instance of 

 what must be called a hanging garden ; it is a 

 square enclosure on a raised platform, with 

 retaining walls and open parapet surrounded by 



