1 78 THE FORMAL GARDEN IN ENGLAND viir 



flanked by niches on both sides, and above is 

 a blank piece of wall with a stepped gable, with 

 stepped side walls descending to the lower walk. 

 These walls draw in as they approach the 

 centre wall. The gateway to the churchyard at 

 Martock (1627) is another simple instance of a 

 stone gateway at the head of a flight of steps. 

 The gateway at Tissington, in Derbyshire, is 

 rather unusual ; it appears to date from the 

 middle of the seventeenth century. In the wall 

 to the side terrace at Penshurst there is a good 

 brick gateway of about the same date or a little 

 earlier. 



The gates themselves were usually of wrought 

 iron of every degree of elaboration, from the 

 plain bar and rail to such intricate work as 

 Tijou's splendid gates for Hampton Court. 

 The hundred years, from the Restoration on- 

 ward, is the golden age of smith's work in 

 England. Tijou's example gave the craft an 

 impetus in an entirely new direction ; wrought- 

 iron gates of beautiful design and admirable 

 workmanship were turned out in every part of 

 the country, and it is not easy to account for the 

 strong family resemblance between instances as 

 far apart as Sydenham, in Devonshire, Chid- 

 dingstone, in Kent, or the Chelsea gates, the 

 delicate work at Oxford or Cambridge, and the 

 various examples scattered about in Derbyshire 

 and the north. The gates and railings to New 

 College Gardens and the Trinity gates at Oxford 



