Mil GARDEN ARCHITECTURE 183 



upper pair have shaped stone heads. The 

 gardens of Edzell Castle have a remarkable 

 stone wall, divided into bays, 10 to 11 feet 

 wide, by engaged shafts rising up into a string 

 course. These bays have alternately a single 

 recess 3 feet by 2.6, and three rows of smaller 

 recesses about 1.4 inches square arranged 

 chequer-wise — all the recesses appear to have 

 been used for planting flowers in them. Above 

 the single recesses there are bas-reliefs represent- 

 ingr emblematical figrures ; above the smaller 

 ones three stars. Over the centre of each bay is 

 a niche with a circular pediment. 



The retaining walls under terraces were often 

 treated in the same way ; niches for statues, 

 recesses for seats, as at Kilworthy, in Devon, 

 grottoes, and toolhouses were often built in 

 below the terrace level. There is a cellar of 

 this description under one of the terraces at 

 Penshurst. Worlidge describes a grotto to be 

 made under a terrace. It was to be arched over 

 with stone or brick, or the roof might be of 

 stone supported by pillars of marble. The 

 sides were to be of stone and the floors of 

 marble. If there were any secret rooms to 

 the grotto, they might be made with " tables " 

 of stone or marble. He mentions a grotto at 

 Wilton as famous in his time. In stone 

 countries the retaining walls were of stone ; 

 elsewhere they were usually of brick with stone 

 balustrades and flights of steps. The commonest 



