52 ON DISEASES OF ANIMALS. 



served that cows being brought to water to drink, 

 many became giddy, fell down in convulsions, bled 

 copiously at the mouth and nose and died. Other 

 nations suffered more severely; Piedmont lost 70,000 

 cattle ; Holland 200,000 ; and the full extent of the 

 epizooty throughout Europe, was estimated to have 

 destoyed 1,500,000 animals. Ail these perished of 

 the infection disseminated by the single diseased ox 

 from Hungary. But the disease was marked by 

 considerable distinctions in different countries, and 

 some of its symptoms bore little resemblance in one 

 place to what were seen in another." 



In 1730, a contagious disease appeared among 

 black cattle in Germany, and afterwads in France, 

 which affected the tongues, was called a blain of the 

 tongue, which degenerated into a cancerous ulcer, 

 whereby the organ was almost totally destroyed. 

 The commencement and termination of the disease 

 was sometimes witnessed within twenty-four hours. 

 A most destructive epizooty ravaged Europe for ten 

 years from 1740. This disease was exhibited by 

 shiverings, palpitations of the heart, difficult respira- 

 tion, cough, coldness of the hoofs and horns, cessa- 

 tion of the natural evacuations, sometimes the ani- 

 mal fell down as if struck by apoplexy. Eruptions 

 covered those which survived the violence of the at- 

 tack. It was evidently contagious, and the strongest 

 precautions were adopted to repress the infection. 

 Former experience had proved, in the history of an 

 epizooty by Laneisi, that they could not be too 

 strictly adopted ; for certain drivers having brought 

 their cattle to a fair in Italy, in the year 1713, a pro- 



