cir. ij.] ANTHROPOMORPHIC THEISM. 405 



crime and sufTfirin^ may inrloofl "he dc"tinofl ovRntually to 

 disappear, their prevalence throughout the recorded past has 

 none the less been ever the stumbling-block and opprobrium 

 of all antliropomoi-phic theories of the universe. Just so 

 far as the correspondence between the organism and its 

 environment is complete, does the teleological hypothesis find 

 apparent confirmation. Just so far as the coirespondence is 

 incomplete, does it meet with patent contradiction. If har- 

 mony and fitness are to bo cited as proofs of beneficent 

 design, then discord and unfitness must equally be kept in 

 view as evidences of less admirable contrivance. A scheme 

 which permits thousands of generations to live and die in 

 wretchedness, cannot, merely by providing for the well-being 

 of later ages, be absolved from the alternative charge of awk- 

 wardness or malevolence. If there exist a personal Creator 

 of the universe who is infinitely intelligent and powerful, 

 he cannot be infinitely good: if, on the other hand, he be 

 infinite in goodness, then he must be lamentably finite in 

 power or in intelligence. By this two-edged difficulty, Theo- 

 logy has ever been foiled. Vainly striving to elude the 

 dilemma, she has at times souglit refuge in optimism; 

 allegi)ig the beneficent results of suffering and the evan- 

 escent character of evil, as if to prove that suffering and 

 evil do not really exist. Usually, however, she has taken 

 the opposite course, postulating distinct supernatural sources 

 for the evil and the good.^ from the Jotuns and Vritras of 



^ " OvK Spa irdi'TtA;!/ yt e^Tiov ri d'/o.Qbv, <f\xd rHiv p.\v (Z iy/tvTjiv aXriov, rvv 

 8i Kaxbif ava'iTiov. Ovb' &pa 6 0fis, iirnSri dyj66i, irdvTuv S-f (tri airtos, &i oi 

 roAAoi xiyovniv, dw' dXiytev fiiy to7s 6.y6pa,TTots atrios, iriiKKuiv l\ di/euTios' 

 woKv yap i\6.Tru> rd.ya')d. rwv kokwv tJ^cTc kui twv fxfv iya()u>v tyiTtiva &Wov 

 u'lTiaTfou, rwv Z( kukcov o.KK' arra Set (riTflv rd aUna, dAA* ov tov ©frf^." PJat'O, 

 Iteputjli/^, ii. 18 (Bekker). He goes on to refute the Homeric conc^i.tion of 

 the two j.'irs, Iliad, xxiv. 6C0. See a'jso Aristotle, Mcf/fphyiriryi, A. p. 984. 

 b. 17 ; and compare the views of JameB Mill, in J. S. Mill's Aut'Mography, 



[). 40. For those who may wish to revive the Manichsean doctrin';, an excel- 

 ent T'oint of departure has been afforded by Mr. Martineaa, in his suggestion 

 that the 7jriniary qualities of matter constitute a "datum objective Vj God," 

 vho, "in shaping the orbits oat of immensity, and detennining seaeona out 



